Epstein-Barr Virus Associated Smooth Muscle Tumors in Post Transplant Pediatric Patients Two Cases of Rare Locations, and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may present few or no symptoms in immunocompetent individuals; however, in immunocompromised patients as in the case of AIDS and post-transplant patients, the virus occasionally stimulates neoplastic transformations. Epstein-Barr virus may play a role in the development of smooth muscle tumors (SMT). In the case of Epstein-Barr associated smooth muscle tumors (EBV+SMT), the virus is thought to be the leading factor to the tumorigenic pathway. We report two pediatric patients (6 and 13 years old) who underwent liver transplantation and developed EBV+SMT in the colon and orbit. These two cases represent rare locations for this kind of lesion.

Tracheobronchial anomalies in a patient with Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia (SIOD)

“…Since then, an additional 11 cases have been reported up to the writing of this manuscript. EBV‐related leiomyomas have been observed in patients on immunosuppressive therapy for organ transplantation [Elawabdeh et al, ] and immunodeficiency states such as AIDS [Purgina et al, ]. Interestingly also, leiomyoma has been associated with a tracheal bronchus in a case report [Tamura et al, ].…”

Epstein–Barr virus‐associated smooth muscle tumors in children following solid organ transplantation: A review

“…In addition, while many patients were found to have EBV DNAemia at the time of tumor diagnosis, this was not a universal finding. Several patients without measureable EBV DNAemia at tumor diagnosis have also been described . Given the rarity of this tumor, there are significantly fewer data examining the causal relationship between EBV viral levels and the development of EBV‐SMT and further analysis should be completed as more data become available.…”

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in colorectal cancer: a mini review

“…Similarly, Albright et al 57 reported EBV-positive post-transplant lymphoproliferative tumor of the cecum (Table 2). Elawabdeh et al 54 reported two EBV-positive small muscle tumors of the colon in the post-transplant pediatric patients. Lee et al 66 reported similar findings in three post-transplant patients with small muscle tumors of the colon.…”