Epstein-Barr Virus DNA in Pericardial Effusion Causing Subacute Cardiac Tamponade

Abstract

Graphical abstract

Cardiovascular involvement in Epstein–Barr virus infection

“…The databases Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Sino-Med, Cochrane, CNKI, VIP, and Wangfang Data were searched to gather data on cardiovascular damage brought on by EBV infection from inception to November 2022. There were 28 articles (with a total of 54 patients included) reporting EBV-associated cardiovascular damage: 17 from China ( 7 , 8 , 13 , 19 , 21 – 31 , 34 , 35 ), one from Morocco ( 12 ), two from Italy ( 6 , 17 ), one from Australia ( 13 ), three from America ( 14 , 18 , 33 ), one from England ( 15 ), and three from Japan ( 9 , 16 , 20 ). There were 10 (18.5%) adults ( 6 , 12 – 20 ) and 44 (71.5%) children (under 18 years old) ( 7 – 9 , 21 – 35 ), ranging in age from 1 year and 5 months to 67 years.…”

“…There were 10 (18.5%) adults ( 6 , 12 – 20 ) and 44 (71.5%) children (under 18 years old) ( 7 – 9 , 21 – 35 ), ranging in age from 1 year and 5 months to 67 years. In terms of sex, there were 28 male ( 7 , 12 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 30 – 34 ) and 26 female patients ( 6 , 8 , 9 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 26 – 29 , 31 , 35 ). Regarding the diagnosis of EBV infection, 23 (42.6%) were diagnosed with AEBV ( 6 , 13 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 25 , 27 , 32 ), 20 (37.0%) with CAEBV ( 7 , 8 , 16 , 19 – 22 , 28 – 31 , 34 ), 6 (11.1%) had a complication of CAEBV and HLH ( 12 , 24 , 28 , 31 ), 4 (7.4%) had a diagnosis of EBV-HLH ( 9 , 23 , 33 , 35 ), and 1 (1.9%) had reactivated EBV ( 26 ).…”

“…According to the available literature, EBV is a rare but recognized cause of pericarditis that can cause pericardial effusion or even cardiac tamponade, depending on the volume. In terms of the diagnosis of EBV infection, four (30.8%) were diagnosed with AEBV ( 6 , 13 , 15 , 17 ), five (38.5%) had a diagnosis of CAEBV ( 19 , 20 , 31 ), one (7.7%) had a diagnosis of CAEBV and HLH ( 31 ), and three (23.0%) had a diagnosis of EBV-HLH ( 9 , 23 , 35 ).…”

“…We found 10 articles reporting EBV-associated pericardial effusion and/or cardiac tamponade ( 6 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 24 , 31 , 35 ), five of which were Chinese ( 19 , 23 , 24 , 31 , 35 ), two were Italian ( 6 , 17 ), one was Australian ( 13 ), one was Japanese ( 20 ), and one was English ( 15 ), featuring a total of 13 patients. Of these patients, seven (53.8%) were children ( 23 , 24 , 31 , 35 ), six (46.2%) were adults ( 6 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 20 ), four (30.8%) were male ( 20 , 23 , 31 ), and nine (69.2%) were female ( 6 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 24 , 31 , 35 ). The average age of the children was 4.3 years (range, 1.8–12.2 years), while that of the adults was 51.0 years (range, 32.0–70.3 years).…”

“…There were 28 articles (with a total of 54 patients included) reporting EBV-associated cardiovascular damage: 17 from China (7, 8, 13, 19, 21-31, 34, 35), one from Morocco (12), two from Italy (6,17), one from Australia (13), three from America (14,18,33), one from England (15), and three from Japan (9,16,20). There were 10 (18.5%) adults (6,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) and 44 (71.5%) children (under 18 years old) (7-9, 21-35), ranging in age from 1 year and 5 months to 67 years. In terms of sex, there were 28 male (7,12,16,18,20,23,25,27,28,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34) (26).…”