Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BARF1 Protein is a Decoy Receptor for Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor and Interferes with Macrophage Differentiation and Activation

Hoebe, Eveline K.; Large, Tessa Y.S. Le; Tarbouriech, Nicolas; Oosterhoff, Dinja; Gruijl, Tanja D. de; Middeldorp, Jaap M.; Greijer, Astrid E.

doi:10.1089/vim.2012.0034

Cited by 23 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This is consistent with previous suggestions that secreted BARF1 contributes to viral oncogenesis (17)(18)(19)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). Additionally, in order to verify the autocrine/ paracrine effect of BARF1, we put supernatant from SNU601 BARF1 (50-fold concentration) or supernatant from SNU601 (50-fold concentration) into original SNU601 cells, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In this study, we focused on the IRAK1/IB␣/NF-B/cyclin D1 pathway (31,33). We observed increased expression of the NF-B RelA protein in nuclear extracts of SNU601 BARF1 cells compared with SNU601 mock cells ( (Fig.…”

Section: Barf1-induced Nf-b Rela Increment Is Associated With Cyclin mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…After blocking of nonspecific sites, blots were incubated with primary antibodies against NF-B RelA (A, sc-109, 1:500; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA), IRAK1 (F-4, sc-5288, 1:1,000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), IB␣ (6A920, 1:500; Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom), phospho-IB␣ (39A1431, sc-52943; 1:500; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), cyclin D1 (H-295, sc-753, 1:1,000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), FLAG (D-8, sc-807, 1:500; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), transcription factor IIB (TF-IIB, sc-23875, 1:2,000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), ␤-actin (AC-15, 1:10,000; Abcam), and p21 WAF1 (F-5, sc-6246, 1:500; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) overnight at 4°C. BARF1 antibody (monoclonal antibody [MAb] 4A6, 1:100) was supplied by Middeldorp (28,30,(32)(33)(34). Blots were washed and incubated for 120 min at room temperature with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse secondary antibody (Abcam).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endogenous expression of BARF1 leads to secretion of BARF1 from cells (17)(18)(19)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35). The secreted form of BARF1 is partly responsible for the growth-promoting and antiapoptotic functions, which, however, remain to be confirmed (9,31).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hCSF-1 cytokine has pleiotropic effects, including promoting differentiation and growth of macrophages (29). Recently, the interaction between macrophage CSF and secreted BARF1 was studied (33,35). This interaction may mediate CSF-stimulated effects on the immune system (33) and BARF1-induced effects on cellular growth (33,35).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BARF1 Promotes Proliferation of Gastric Carcinoma Cells through Regulation of NF-κB

Chang

Kim

Roh

et al. 2013

J Virol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Barf1-induced Nf-b Rela Increment Is Associated With Cyclin mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BARF1 Promotes Proliferation of Gastric Carcinoma Cells through Regulation of NF-κB

Chang

Kim

Roh

et al. 2013

J Virol

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Immunoglobulin superfamily members encoded by viruses and their multiple roles in immune evasion

et al. 2017

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Pathogens have developed a plethora of strategies to undermine host immune defenses in order to guarantee their survival. For large DNA viruses, these immune evasion mechanisms frequently rely on the expression of genes acquired from host genomes. Horizontally transferred genes include members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, whose products constitute the most diverse group of proteins of vertebrate genomes. Their promiscuous immunoglobulin domains, which comprise the building blocks of these molecules, are involved in a large variety of functions mediated by ligand-binding interactions. The flexible structural nature of the immunoglobulin domains makes them appealing targets for viral capture due to their capacity to generate high functional diversity. Here, we present an up-to-date review of immunoglobulin superfamily gene homologs encoded by herpesviruses, poxviruses, and adenoviruses, that include CD200, CD47, Fc receptors, interleukin-1 receptor 2, interleukin-18 binding protein, CD80, carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules, and signaling lymphocyte activation molecules. We discuss their distinct structural attributes, binding properties, and functions, shaped by evolutionary pressures to disarm specific immune pathways. We include several novel genes identified from extensive genome database surveys. An understanding of the properties and modes of action of these viral proteins may guide the development of novel immune-modulatory therapeutic tools.

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Sequence variations of Epstein‐Barr virus‐encoded BARF1 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinomas and healthy donors from southern and northern China

Liu

Shen

et al. 2018

Journal of Medical Virology

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The BamHI A rightward frame 1 (BARF1) gene of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is involved in carcinogenesis and immunomodulation of EBV-associated malignancies. The geographical distributions and the disease associations of BARF1 variants remain unclear. In the current study, the BARF1 variants in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cases and healthy donors from southern and northern China, the NPC endemic and non-endemic areas, as well as in 153 sequenced EBV genomes from diseased and normal people from around the world, were determined and compared among areas and populations. Only 1 consistent coding change, V29A, and several consistent silent mutations were identified. Two BARF1 types (B95-8 and V29A) and 2 B95-8 subtypes (B95-8 and B95-8 ) were classified. For Chinese isolates, the B95-8 type was dominant in both southern and northern China, but the isolates from southern China showed a higher frequency of the B95-8 subtype than the isolates from northern China (76.0%, 38/50 NPC cases and 50.7%, 37/73 healthy donors vs 26.4%, 24/91 NPC cases and 7.6%, 6/79 healthy donors, P < .0001). Furthermore, the B95-8 subtype was more frequent in NPC cases than healthy donors in both southern China (P = .005) and northern China (P = .001). For EBV genomes, the B95-8 subtype was dominant in northern China, Europe, America, and Australia, while V29A was dominant in Africa. The B95-8 subtype was only identified in Asia and demonstrated high frequency (81.2%, 26/32) in genomes from NPC cases in southern China. These results further reveal conservation and possibly geographically spread variations of BARF1 and may also indicate the preference of EBV strains with the B95-8 subtype in NPC cases, without biological or pathogenic implications.

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Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BARF1 Protein is a Decoy Receptor for Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor and Interferes with Macrophage Differentiation and Activation

Cited by 23 publications

References 54 publications

Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BARF1 Promotes Proliferation of Gastric Carcinoma Cells through Regulation of NF-κB

Epstein-Barr Virus-Encoded BARF1 Promotes Proliferation of Gastric Carcinoma Cells through Regulation of NF-κB

Immunoglobulin superfamily members encoded by viruses and their multiple roles in immune evasion

Sequence variations of Epstein‐Barr virus‐encoded BARF1 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinomas and healthy donors from southern and northern China

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