Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal and salivary gland carcinomas of Greenland Eskimoes

Saemundsen, Ari K.; Albeck, Henrik; Hansen, Jens Mølholm; Nielsen, Nils Højgaard; Anvret, Maria; Henle, Werner; Henle, Gertrude; Thomsen, Kristian; Kristensen, H. K.; Klein, George

doi:10.1038/bjc.1982.264

Cited by 144 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…There is now both serological and cellular evidence (Anderson-Anvret et al, 1978;Klein, 1979;Saemundsen et al, 1982) in support of the association reported by Old et al (1966) (Klein, 1979).…”

supporting

confidence: 60%

“…These rates are about twenty times higher than the rates in Denmark (Nielsen & Hart-Hansen, 1982). The EBV genome has been demonstrated in malignant NPC epithelial cells from Greenland Eskimos (Saemundsen et al, 1982). Seroconversion to EBV in Greenland is almost universal by the age of two years (Albeck et al, 1985), indicating early exposure to EBV infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space-time clustering of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Greenland Eskimos

Albeck¹,

Coleman²,

Nielsen³

et al. 1985

Br J Cancer

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supporting

confidence: 60%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Space-time clustering of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Greenland Eskimos

Albeck¹,

Coleman²,

Nielsen³

et al. 1985

Br J Cancer

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“…Certain other carcinomas of tonsillar (Brichacek et al, 1984), supraglottic laryngeal (Brichacek et al, 1983), parotid (Saemundsen et al, 1982) and thymic (Leyvraz et al, 1985) epithelium also appear to show an association with this virus, but in these cases the evidence is less extensive and the consistency of the association has yet to be established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Epstein--Barr Virus Gene Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Lw¹,

Dawson²,

Clark³

et al. 1988

Journal of General Virology

434

236

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SUMMARYEpstein-Barr virus (EBV), an agent with growth transforming potential for human B cells, is associated with certain B cell lymphomas in man and also with an epithelial tumour, undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Since B cell growth transformation is associated with the constitutive expression of a small number of EBV-coded latent proteins, the nuclear antigens EBNA 1, EBNA 2, EBNA 3 and EBNA-LP and the latent membrane protein (LMP), the present work sought to determine whether this same pattern of virus gene expression occurred in NPC. Tumour biopsies were taken from NPC patients from three areas of differing tumour incidence (Kenya, Algeria, Britain) and immediately snap-frozen, as were biopsies of non-EBV-related carcinomas for controls. Immunoblotting of PAGE-separated proteins with selected human sera identified 24 NPC biopsies clearly expressing EBNA 1. When the analysis was extended using selected human sera with antibodies against the other EBNAs, there was no detectable expression of EBNA 2, EBNA 3 or EBNA-LP in any of these 24 biopsies; their EBNA 2-negative status was confirmed using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) PE2 which was reactive in immunoblotting and in immunoprecipitation with EBNA 2A and EBNA 2B proteins. Similar experiments with two different LMP-specific MAbs, CS1 to 4 and S12, revealed heterogeneity between NPC biopsies; 9/24 biopsies were demonstrably LMP-positive, the degree of expression varying considerably between individual tumours in a manner which was not related to the level of EBNA 1 expression. None of the 24 NPC biopsies expressed detectable amounts of EBV lytic cycle antigens. A nude mouse-passaged NPC cell line, C15, likewise expressed EBNA 1 and LMP but none of the other EBV latent proteins nor lytic cycle antigens. This work identifies a novel type of EBV-cell interaction in NPC cells which is distinct from that seen in in vitro transformed B cell lines and from that seen to date in EBV-positive B cell lymphomas.

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“…The majority of the nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) in the Inuit population is the undifferentiated type and infection with Epstein–Barr virus is believed to be one of the most important aetiological factors [3]. Furthermore, studies have found an increased risk of NPC and salivary gland cancer among first degree-relatives and in family clusters supporting the existence of a hereditary component [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved survival of head and neck cancer patients in Greenland

Lawaetz

Jensen

Friborg

et al. 2018

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Previously, head and neck cancer (HNC) patients in Greenland have had significant diagnostic delay and poor survival rates. From 2005-2009 several initiatives have been made to ensure faster diagnosis and better survival. The aim of this study was to compare the prognosis before and after these initiatives were introduced.All Greenlandic patients diagnosed with HNC between 2005 and 2012 were included. Data were retrieved from medical records and national databases and compared with the period 1994-2003. A total of 98 patients were identified. Diagnostic delay was significantly lower compared to the period 1994–2004 (p=0.048). The 3-year overall survival was 56% for all HNC and 47% for nasopharyngeal carcinomas. We found that patients with HNC between 1994 and 2003 had a higher risk of death from all reasons compared with the period 2005–2012 (HR 2.17; CI 1.46–3.23) after adjustments for stage and diagnostic delay.Patients with head HNC in Greenland from 2005-2012 were diagnosed earlier and had a better overall survival compared to the period 1994–2003. The change in survival is more likely to be due to improvement in treatment rather than the initiated interventions. Although survival has improved in Greenland, demographic problems and lack of specialists remain a challenge.

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Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal and salivary gland carcinomas of Greenland Eskimoes

Cited by 144 publications

References 32 publications

Space-time clustering of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Greenland Eskimos

Space-time clustering of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Greenland Eskimos

Epstein--Barr Virus Gene Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Improved survival of head and neck cancer patients in Greenland

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