Equal-channel angular sheet extrusion of interstitial-free (IF) steel: Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties

Saray, Onur; Pürçek, G.; Караман, И.; Neindorf, T.; Maier, Hans Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2011.05.014

Cited by 64 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Whereas in other SPD processes, the oxide particles cannot be produced within the sample. Comparing with the current results with the results obtained from previous works, [16,[22][23][24][25] it can be concluded that the dislocation density of IF steel in the current work was much higher than that in previous research. Because the ARB process was used in the aforementioned references, other factors must have caused such differences.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The minimum grain size of SPD methods applied on the IF steel by different researchers was about 300 nm. [20][21][22][23][24][25] To achieve nanostructure in the IF steel by the ARB process, one strategy that can be effective is preventing the easy movement of dislocations and occurrence of extended recovery by deformation at room temperature. It should be noted that in the previous research, the ARB process was performed at elevated temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that in the previous research, the ARB process was performed at elevated temperature. [20][21][22][23][24][25] Recently, the current authors investigated the mechanical properties of IF steel fabricated by the ARB process at room temperature. [26] However, the current work is, to the best of our knowledge, the first of its kind that focuses on the microstructural evolution of the IF steel sheets processed by ARB process at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Achievement of Nanostructured Interstitial Free Steel by Four-Layer Accumulative Roll Bonding Process at Room Temperature

Jamaati

Toroghinejad

Amirkhanlou

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

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In this study, the four-layer accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process at room temperature for nanostructuring the interstitial free (IF) steel was used for the first time. Hardness and tensile tests were performed and the microstructure was characterized using scanning transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the grain size decreased into the nanostructured domain after fourth cycle, reaching grain sizes of smaller than 100 nm. The stored energy was retained in the material until the continuous dynamic recrystallization led to nanostructuring of the IF steel. The dislocation density was measured by microhardness indentation size effect using the Nix-Gao model. The results indicated that an increase in the number of ARB cycles leads to increase in the dislocation density. The dislocation density increased from 2.02 9 10 9 cm À2 for initial sample to 9.47 9 10 9 cm À2 after fourth cycle. The yield strength of the IF steel after fourth cycle was 10.8 times (909 MPa) higher than that of the initial sample (84 MPa). Finally, the contribution of individual mechanisms such as the grain refinement, dislocation, and precipitation in strengthening of the IF steel were evaluated.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Achievement of Nanostructured Interstitial Free Steel by Four-Layer Accumulative Roll Bonding Process at Room Temperature

Jamaati

Toroghinejad

Amirkhanlou

et al. 2015

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…UFG thick plates can be obtained using conventional ECAP; [21] however, for thin products, modifications of this process are required, e.g., equal channel angular sheet extrusion. [22,23] Another option, which has been recently introduced, is Incremental ECAP (I-ECAP). [24] The main idea of this method is to apply a plastic strain in a series of small deformation increments, which are based on a simple shear (in terms of deformation, the process is thus equivalent to conventional ECAP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine-Grained Plates of Al-Mg-Si Alloy Obtained by Incremental Equal Channel Angular Pressing: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

Lipińska

Chromiński

Olejnik

et al. 2017

Metall Mater Trans A

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In this study, an Al-Mg-Si alloy was processed using via incremental equal channel angular pressing (I-ECAP) in order to obtain homogenous, ultrafine-grained plates with low anisotropy of the mechanical properties. This was the first attempt to process an Al-Mg-Si alloy using this technique. Samples in the form of 3 mm-thick square plates were subjected to I-ECAP with the 90 deg rotation around the axis normal to the surface of the plate between passes. Samples were investigated first in their initial state, then after a single pass of I-ECAP, and finally after four such passes. Analyses of the microstructure and mechanical properties demonstrated that the I-ECAP method can be successfully applied in Al-Mg-Si alloys. The average grain size decreased from 15 to 19 lm in the initial state to below 1 lm after four I-ECAP passes. The fraction of high-angle grain boundaries in the sample subjected to four I-ECAP passes lay within 53 to 57 pct depending on the examined plane. The mechanism of grain refinement in Al-Mg-Si alloy was found to be distinctly different from that in pure aluminum with the grain rotation being more prominent than the grain subdivision, which was attributed to lower stacking fault energy and the reduced mobility of dislocations in the alloy. The ultimate tensile strength increased more than twice, whereas the yield strength was more than threefold. Additionally, the plates processed by I-ECAP exhibited low anisotropy of mechanical properties (in plane and across the thickness) in comparison to other SPD processing methods, which makes them attractive for further processing and applications.

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“…In this respect, pure BCC metals or interstitial-free (IF) metals should be used in order to clarify the microstructural development intrinsic to BCC structures. Although the literature on pure BCC or IF steels processed by ECAP has been reported [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], there are still very limited papers examining the microstructural evolution quantitatively in particular, the initial stage where dislocation substructure transforms into network of low/high angle grain boundaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Development of Fe-20mass%Cr Alloys and Pure Copper Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing

Rifai¹,

Haga²,

Miyamoto³

et al. 2013

MSA

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Microstructural development of ultra low C, N, Fe-Cr alloy and pure copper processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) have been examined focusing on the initial stage of the formation of ultrafine grain structure. Fe-Cr alloys were pressed at 423 K while pure copper at room temperature for 1 to 3 passes via the route Bc to compare at the equivalent homologous temperature. Microstructural evolutions were characterized by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) image and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that deformation structures were mostly deformation-induced subboundaries in both the materials after one pass, but the fraction of high-angle grain boundary became higher in the Fe-Cr alloys than in pure copper in subsequent passes by increasing misorientation of the boundaries. The more enhanced formation of high angle boundaries in Fe-Cr alloys was discussed in terms of the nature of crystal slip of FCC and BCC structures.

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Equal-channel angular sheet extrusion of interstitial-free (IF) steel: Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties

Cited by 64 publications

References 39 publications

On the Achievement of Nanostructured Interstitial Free Steel by Four-Layer Accumulative Roll Bonding Process at Room Temperature

On the Achievement of Nanostructured Interstitial Free Steel by Four-Layer Accumulative Roll Bonding Process at Room Temperature

Ultrafine-Grained Plates of Al-Mg-Si Alloy Obtained by Incremental Equal Channel Angular Pressing: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

Microstructural Development of Fe-20mass%Cr Alloys and Pure Copper Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing

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