Equation of State of Nickel in WDM Region

Abstract

Results of theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of the equation of state (EOS) in the region of warm dense matter (WDM) are discussed and applied to nickel. The thermodynamic properties of nickel and its phase diagram are calculated with the use of multi‐phase EOS model. Theoretical calculations of thermodynamic properties of the solid, liquid, and plasma phases, and of the critical point, are compared with results of experiments. The analysis deals with thermodynamic properties of solid nickel at T = 0 and 298 K from different band–structure theories, static compression experiments in diamond anvil cells, and the information obtained in shock‐wave experiments. Thermodynamic data in the liquid and plasma states, resulting from traditional thermophysical measurements, ”exploding wire” experiments, and evaluations of the critical point are presented. Numerous shock‐wave experiments for nickel have been done to measure shock adiabats of crystal and porous samples and release isentropes. These data are analyzed in a self‐consistent manner together with all other available data at high pressure. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Equation of state for aluminum in warm dense matter regime

“…It is a crucial tool in interpreting the experimental results of warm dense matter. [4] The impressive progress in pulsed-power technology and diagnostics of high spatiotemporal resolution gives a great motivation in the investigation of warm dense matter. [5] The advanced experimental methods, such as dynamic compression using pulsed-power generator, [6] ablation with highintensity laser, [7] generate extensive data of pressure to verify the EOS model.…”

The thermophysical properties of low‐temperature Pb plasma

“…In both kinds of experiments, the temperature is not measured directly. So, to obtain the latter, some model equations of state should be involved, like the semi‐empirical ones . We should also mention the recent experiments with ion beams .…”

The pressure, internal energy, and conductivity of tantalum plasma

“…Here is where the plasma region is located, and it is problematic to penetrate it even without any other measurements. Presently, the plasma region can be investigated using shock wave experiments or by means of measurements in the process of explosion of wires or foils due to high currents . The first technique allows one to measure the pressure and density of a substance along Hugoniots or release isoenthropes.…”

“…In theory, a wide range of EOSs of Ta could be obtained in ab initio simulations at ρ ≥ 1.67 g/cm 3 . A number of semi‐empirical EOSs have been also elaborated especially for the description of shock wave data . However, there are almost no EOS data at ρ ≤ 1.67 g/cm 3 for Ta.…”