Equations of motion of test particles for solving the spin-dependent Boltzmann–Vlasov equation

Xia, Yin; Xu, Jun; Li, Bao-An; Shen, W. Q.

doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2016.06.029

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…In the present work we focus on the spin-averaged quantities, and omit all the other irrelevant terms in the Hamiltonian density. It should be pointed out that for the spin-dependent quantities, time-odd and other spin-dependent terms can be important [95][96][97][98][99][100][101]. For some specific quantities, for example fusion barrier and cross section, even tensor terms should be taken into consideration [102].…”

Section: B Hamiltonian Density and Single Nucleon Potential In One-bo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Skyrme interactions for transport model simulations of heavy-ion collisions

2018

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Based on an extended Skyrme interaction that includes the terms in relative momenta up to sixth order, corresponding to the so-called Skyrme pseudopotential up to next-to-next-to-next-to leading order (N3LO), we derive the expressions of Hamiltonian density and single nucleon potential under general non-equilibrium conditions which can be applied in transport model simulations of heavy-ion collisions induced by neutron-rich nuclei. While the conventional Skyrme interactions, which include the terms in relative momenta up to second order, predict an incorrect behavior as a function of energy for nucleon optical potential in nuclear matter, the present extended N3LO Skyrme interaction can give a nice description for the empirical nucleon optical potential. We also construct three interaction sets with different high-density behaviors of the symmetry energy, by fitting both the empirical nucleon optical potential up to energy of 1 GeV and the empirical properties of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter. These extended N3LO Skyrme interactions will be useful in transport model simulations of heavy-ion collisions induced by neutron-rich nuclei at intermediate and high energies, and they can also be useful in nuclear structure studies within the mean-field model.

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Section: B Hamiltonian Density and Single Nucleon Potential In One-bo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Skyrme interactions for transport model simulations of heavy-ion collisions

2018

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“…The spin expectation value of each nucleon is chosen as a unit vector in the 4π solid angle, and it is randomly sampled in the initial stage. As the system begins to evolve, the coordinate r, momentum p, and spin s of each nucleon follow the equations of motion consistently derived from the spin-dependent Boltzmann-Vlasov equation [7] as follows:…”

Section: Effects In Heavy-ion Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heavyion collisions provide the only way of studying properties of nuclear matter as well as nuclear interactions at both finite densities and temperatures in terrestrial laboratories, and a useful means of extracting properties of the in-medium nuclear spin-orbit interaction with optimal reaction conditions. Recently, we have developed a spin-and isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (SIBUU) transport model, by incorporating the nucleon spin degree of freedom and the nuclear spinorbit interaction into the IBUU transport model [6,7]. We found this model is useful in studying the spin dynamics in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating spin dynamics with spin-dependent cross sections in heavy-ion collisions

Xia

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. C

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We have incorporated the spin-dependent nucleon-nucleon cross sections into a Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model for the first time, using the spin-singlet and spin-triplet nucleonnucleon elastic scattering cross sections extracted from the phase-shift analyses of nucleon-nucleon scatterings in free space. We found that the spin splitting of the collective flows is not affected by the spin-dependent cross sections, justifying it as a good probe of the in-medium nuclear spin-orbit interaction. With the in-medium nuclear spin-orbit mean-field potential that leads to local spin polarization, we found that the spin-averaged observables, such as elliptic flows of free nucleons and light clusters, becomes smaller with the spin-dependent differential nucleon-nucleon scattering cross sections.

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“…(14)(15)(16)(17) in Ref. [26]). Using the test-particle method [27,28], the spin-dependent phase-space distribution functions can be calculated from averaging over parallel events, with the contribution of each test particle a δ function in coordinate and momentum space (see Eqs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Nucleon spin polarization in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

Xia

2020

Physics Letters B

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Based on a spin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model with spin-dependent potentials incorporated using the lattice Hamiltonian method, we have studied the global spin polarization perpendicular to the reaction plane as well as the local spin polarization in the longitudinal direction in non-central intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions, as an extension of similar studies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Both the global and the local spin polarizations are found to be mostly dominated by the time-odd component of the nuclear spin-orbit potential. Impacts of various theoretical uncertainties on the nucleon spin polarization as well as its dependence on the beam energy and impact parameter are discussed. Our study serves as a baseline for understanding the spin polarization mechanism of strongly interacting matter produced in heavy-ion collisions dominated by nucleon degree of freedom.The spin physics is an interesting topic in various fields. Due to the spin-orbit coupling, the spin polarization phenomena can generally be induced in a vorticity field. In non-central relativistic heavy-ion collisions, it was pointed out [1] that the produced quarkgluon plasma can be globally polarized perpendicular to the reaction plane, as a result of the angular momentum transfer from colliding nuclei to the midrapidity region. This can lead to the spin polarization of Λ hyperons or vector mesons, whose polarizations can be experimentally measurable through the angular distribution of their decay. Although the experimentally measured spin polarizations of these particles are small at ultrarelativistic energies [2-4], they become considerably larger at lower collision energies [5]. Theoretical efforts based on transport models or hydrodynamic models have been devoted to predict [1,6] or explain [7-10] the spin polarization phenomena, showing that the quark-gluon plasma can be the most vortical fluid on the earth. Besides the global spin polarization, theorists have more recently predicted that there could be some local structures of the vorticity field [11], and they can lead to the azimuthal angular dependence of the longitudinal spin polarization [12][13][14]. However, the latest experimental data from the STAR Collaboration shows a different azimuthal angular dependence [15] compared to most theoretical studies. These spin polarization phenomena in heavy-ion collisions serve as good probes of understanding the vortical dynamics in the strongly interacting matter as well as the properties of the spin-orbit coupling.In intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions, one expects that the spin polarization phenomena should exist as well, as a result of the nuclear spin-orbit interaction, which was first proposed to explain the magnetic number of finite nuclei [16,17]. Except for the well-known importance of the nuclear spin-orbit coupling in nuclear struc- * corresponding author: xujun@zjlab.org.cn ture studies, it also has dramatic dynamic effects in lowand intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions (see, e.g., Ref...

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Equations of motion of test particles for solving the spin-dependent Boltzmann–Vlasov equation

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Extended Skyrme interactions for transport model simulations of heavy-ion collisions

Extended Skyrme interactions for transport model simulations of heavy-ion collisions

Simulating spin dynamics with spin-dependent cross sections in heavy-ion collisions

Nucleon spin polarization in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

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