The
Jones–Wilkins–Lee (JWL) equation of state (EOS)
is used to calculate expansion of detonation reaction products from
the chemical equilibrium Chapman–Jouguet (C–J) state
to large volumes. Overdriven detonation waves with shock pressures
higher than C–J are created by high-velocity impacts or converging
detonation waves. Reflection from high-impedance materials, multiple
shock impacts, and Mach stem wave interactions creates similar pressures.
When overdriven states were first measured experimentally, the original
reaction product JWL EOSs predicted excess compression. This problem
was resolved by modifying the JWL EOS to produce less compression
at high pressures while still correctly calculating expansion from
the C–J state. Zeldovich–von Neumann–Doring (ZND)
reactive flow models, which include the measured reaction zone momentum,
explained experimental observations that lower C–J pressures
are required to smoothly connect the C–J state to overdriven
states on the product Hugoniot curve. Experimental data on overdriven
detonation waves for two octogen (HMX)-based plastic-bonded explosives
(PBXs), PBX 9501 and PBX 9404, and for two triaminotrinitrobenzene
(TATB)-based PBXs, LX-17 and PBX 9502, are compared to various JWL
reaction product EOSs, including ones generated by the CHEETAH chemical
equilibrium code. Excellent agreement is obtained using JWL EOSs for
overdriven shock pressures and densities up to 130 GPa and 3.8 g/cm3 for both HMX- and TATB-based PBXs.