Equatorial vertical drift modulation by the lunar and solar semidiurnal tides during the 2013 sudden stratospheric warming

Maute, Astrid; Fejer, Bela G.; Forbes, Jeffrey M.; Zhang, X.; Yudin, V. A.

doi:10.1002/2015ja022056

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…These amplifications are evident in ground‐based radar data (Fejer et al, , ; Stening & Fejer, ) and magnetic field perturbations associated with the EEJ (Park et al, ; Stening, ; Yamazaki, ; Yamazaki et al, ). Many aspects of these SSW responses have been captured by first‐principles general circulation models of the whole atmosphere‐ionosphere system (Maute et al, ; Pedatella, Liu, Richmond, Maute et al, , ), which have also provided new physical insights and corroborated prior interpretations. The development of these models is a second major development that has enhanced our study of the lunar ionospheric tide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Lunar Tide in the F Region Ionosphere

Forbes

Zhang

2019

JGR Space Physics

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In this paper the magnetic latitude (±50°) and longitude, local solar time (LST), and month‐to‐month variability of the M2 lunar semidiurnal tide in the ionosphere is revealed through analysis of topside F region electron density measurements by the Planar Langmuir Probe instrument on the CHAMP satellite during the two 5‐year periods 2001–2005 and 2005–2009. The local time precession rate of CHAMP is such that 5 years is required to obtain full LST coverage for every month of the year at each latitude of interest. Thus, each 5‐year period is compressed into one equivalent year. M2 amplitudes, expressed in terms of percent residuals from a background value, range between about 3% and 20% and vary considerably with LST and magnetic longitude. Longitude variations in principle arise from zonal asymmetries in lunar tidal forcing due to Earth and ocean tides, as well as magnitude of Earth's magnetic field. The O1 diurnal tide is also discussed in the context of CHAMP and other measurements of the F region ionosphere.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Lunar Tide in the F Region Ionosphere

Forbes

Zhang

2019

JGR Space Physics

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“…[], and Maute et al . [] found that the lunar tide can have amplitude similar to the tide produced by solar heating. TMAT is unable to resolve the small difference in frequency between lunar and solar tides, and the SW2 estimate would include a superposition of both tides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily estimates of the migrating tide and zonal mean temperature in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere derived from SABER data

Ortland

2017

JGR Atmospheres

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Satellites provide a global view of the structure in the fields that they measure. In the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, the dominant features in these fields at low zonal wave number are contained in the zonal mean, quasi‐stationary planetary waves, and tide components. Due to the nature of the satellite sampling pattern, stationary, diurnal, and semidiurnal components are aliased and spectral methods are typically unable to separate the aliased waves over short time periods. This paper presents a data processing scheme that is able to recover the daily structure of these waves and the zonal mean state. The method is validated by using simulated data constructed from a mechanistic model, and then applied to Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) temperature measurements. The migrating diurnal tide extracted from SABER temperatures for 2009 has a seasonal variability with peak amplitude (20 K at 95 km) in February and March and minimum amplitude (less than 5 K at 95 km) in early June and early December. Higher frequency variability includes a change in vertical structure and amplitude during the major stratospheric warming in January. The migrating semidiurnal tide extracted from SABER has variability on a monthly time scale during January through March, minimum amplitude in April, and largest steady amplitudes from May through September. Modeling experiments were performed that show that much of the variability on seasonal time scales in the migrating tides is due to changes in the mean flow structure and the superposition of the tidal responses to water vapor heating in the troposphere and ozone heating in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere.

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“…They have shown that stratospheric sudden warming events produce favorable conditions for the vertical propagation of the M 2 tide from the lower atmosphere to the upper atmosphere, which results in an amplification of the M 2 tide in the lower thermosphere. Simulations based on coupled thermosphere‐ionosphere models have demonstrated that the enhanced M 2 tide during stratospheric sudden warming events can produce large perturbations in the equatorial electric field (Maute et al, ; Pedatella & Liu, ; Pedatella, Liu, Richmond, et al, ; Pedatella et al, , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Variation of the Lunar Tide in the Equatorial Electrojet

et al. 2017

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The atmospheric lunar tide is one known source of ionospheric variability. The subject received renewed attention as recent studies found a link between stratospheric sudden warmings and amplified lunar tidal perturbations in the equatorial ionosphere. There is increasing evidence from ground observations that the lunar tidal influence on the ionosphere depends on longitude. We use magnetic field measurements from the CHAMP satellite during July 2000 to September 2010 and from the two Swarm satellites during November 2013 to February 2017 to determine, for the first time, the complete seasonal‐longitudinal climatology of the semidiurnal lunar tidal variation in the equatorial electrojet intensity. Significant longitudinal variability is found in the amplitude of the lunar tidal variation, while the longitudinal variability in the phase is small. The amplitude peaks in the Peruvian sector (∼285°E) during the Northern Hemisphere winter and equinoxes, and in the Brazilian sector (∼325°E) during the Northern Hemisphere summer. There are also local amplitude maxima at ∼55°E and ∼120°E. The longitudinal variation is partly due to the modulation of ionospheric conductivities by the inhomogeneous geomagnetic field. Another possible cause of the longitudinal variability is neutral wind forcing by nonmigrating lunar tides. A tidal spectrum analysis of the semidiurnal lunar tidal variation in the equatorial electrojet reveals the dominance of the westward propagating mode with zonal wave number 2 (SW2), with secondary contributions by westward propagating modes with zonal wave numbers 3 (SW3) and 4 (SW4). Eastward propagating waves are largely absent from the tidal spectrum. Further study will be required for the relative importance of ionospheric conductivities and nonmigrating lunar tides.

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Equatorial vertical drift modulation by the lunar and solar semidiurnal tides during the 2013 sudden stratospheric warming

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

Lunar Tide in the F Region Ionosphere

Lunar Tide in the F Region Ionosphere

Daily estimates of the migrating tide and zonal mean temperature in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere derived from SABER data

Longitudinal Variation of the Lunar Tide in the Equatorial Electrojet

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