Equilibrium Thermodynamic Modeling of Dissipative Macroscopic Systems

Thermodynamic analysis of environmental problems of energy

“…The last direction concerns improvement of the methods for control of technological processes and creation of opportunities to influence the environmental compatibility of these processes [3,4].…”

“…The accuracy of the created MEIS modifications significantly improved by the inclusion of kinetic constraints on individual stages of the studied processes. Circuit variants of the model of extreme intermediate states were designed to represent the objects of analysis in the onedimensional, always potential, space of variables [1][2][3][4]. Graphs in the form of circuits can represent either real schemes of transport networks (electrical, pipeline), or conventional schemes of a wide variety of displacements (for example, rail and road transport).…”

“…Application of the circuit MEISs allowed us to take advantages of the thermodynamic space of variables with monotonic characteristic functions, and the potential, one-dimensional space of variables. The next step in improving equilibrium thermodynamic modeling consisted in development of a method for constructing trajectories which is applicable to the analysis of both reversible and irreversible processes [3,4]. The initial idea was to stop using the general equation of the process and to switch to the step-by-step increase in the optimal results of computations.…”

On the Interrelations Between Kinetics and Thermodynamics as the Theories of Trajectories and States

“…With development of the theory of dynamic systems (Arnold, 1989, Katok andHasselblat, 2005), non-equilibrium thermodynamics' emerged from the classical thermodynamics (Prigogine, 1967;Glansdorf and Prigogine, 1971;Jou et.al., 2001), and synergetics (Haken, 1983(Haken, , 2006 the equilibrium approach relating the models of states and trajectories became widely deemed to be principally unsuitable in modeling of irreversible processes, degradation and self-organization. The experience gained in equilibrium analysis of various non-equilibria and irreversibilities (for example, emission of heat by electric current, diffusion, radiation, superfluidity and superconductivity, formation of stars, phase transitions of the second kind) by the classics of physics: Kirchhoff, Maxwell, Plank, Einstein, Landau, et al discussed in (Gorban et al, 2006;Kaganovich, 2011;Kaganovich et al, 2007) was mostly ignored.…”

“…both as functions of state and as functions of a trajectory. The last modifications of MEIS (Gorban et al, 2006;Kaganovich et al, 2007 include constraints on the rates of limiting stages of transformations, transfer and exchange of mass, energy and charges.…”