Equine influenza vaccination catches an autumn cold! But must get over it as soon as it can

Abstract

tions of real life. The truth is that interruptions are real life." -C.S. Lewis.

Equine influenza bi‐annual boosters: What does the evidence tell us?

“…Across Europe during early 2019, an EI epidemic started to emerge with sufficient speed, magnitude and apparent potential for disruption that UK racing was pre‐emptively cancelled for 6 days in February, to allow the industry to take stock but thereby incurring significant costs on itself 1,5–7 . Even before racing's shutdown, the British Horseracing Authority (BHA) had already in 2019 recommended booster vaccination of any racehorses that had not been administered EI vaccine in the preceding 6 months.…”

“…As outlined in a recent editorial in this journal authored by members of a British Equine Veterinary Association (BEVA) and British Equestrian (BEF) working group, the United Kingdom and European equine and equestrian industry has recently faced the challenge of a significant shortage of equine influenza (EI) vaccine 1 . As vaccine supply returns to normal, the pre‐existing enhanced EI vaccination schedules introduced in several countries after the 2019 EI epidemic need to be promptly re‐implemented to restore and then maintain optimal protective immunity within the horse population.…”

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British Equine Veterinary Association (BEVA) and British Equestrian (BEF) working group, the United Kingdom and European equine and equestrian industry has recently faced the challenge of a significant shortage of equine influenza (EI) vaccine. 1 As vaccine supply returns to normal, the pre-existing enhanced EI vaccination schedules introduced in several countries after the 2019 EI epidemic need to be promptly reimplemented to restore and then maintain optimal protective immunity within the horse population. After all, the equine industry must surely remain resolute and guided by scientific principles, as, in the words of the father of modern science, Galileo himself, 'by denying scientific principles one may maintain any paradox'.

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“…However, disease events such as those experienced in the United Kingdom in 1989, 2 2003 3,4 (Figure 1), and most recently in 2019 5 are portents of EI's epidemic potential, even in vaccinated horse populations.Across Europe during early 2019, an EI epidemic started to emerge with sufficient speed, magnitude and apparent potential for disruption that UK racing was pre-emptively cancelled for 6 days in February, to allow the industry to take stock but thereby incurring significant costs on itself. 1,[5][6][7] Even before racing's shutdown, the British Horseracing Authority (BHA) had already in 2019 recommended booster vaccination of any racehorses that had not been administered EI vaccine in the preceding 6 months. The BHA subsequently increased the frequency of EI booster…”

Spatiotemporal pattern and suitable areas analysis of equine influenza in global scale (2005–2022)

“…Florida Clade 1 is primarily found in the Americas and Europe, whereas Florida Clade 2 is primarily found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Vaccination is currently considered the primary means of preventing EI, but it actually has not achieved the desired expectation ( 7 ).…”