Equine parascarosis under the tropical weather conditions of Ethiopia: a coprological and postmortem study

Getachew, A. M.; Innocent, Giles; Trawford, A.; Feseha, G.; Reid, S. W. J.; Love, S.

doi:10.1136/vr.162.6.177

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This result is higher than the prevalence reported in Ethiopia by Yoseph et al [29], Fikru et al [11], Getachew et al [30] who reported 15.7%, 7.3%, and 16.2%, respectively and in Lesotho by Melissa et al [28] who reported 21.6% in horses. The prevalence of Parascaris equorum was 42.29% in donkeys in the present study is higher than 15.7% and 17.3% reported by Yoseph et al [21] and Fikru et al [11] in donkeys.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Horses and Donkeys in and around Gondar Town, Ethiopia

Mezgebu¹,

Tafess²,

Tamiru³

2013

OJVM

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A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2010 to June 2011 in and around Gondar town to identify the species and determine prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in donkeys and horses. Gross examination, direct fecal smear, sedimentation and floatation techniques were utilized to identify the eggs and larvae of parasites in feces. A total of 384 horses and donkeys were examined for gastrointestinal parasites. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 92.71% (356 from 384) with 80.95% (85 from 105) and 97.13% (271 from 279) in horses and donkeys, respectively. Prevalence of Strongyle, Parascaris equorum, Oxyuris equi, Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus and Gastrophilus intestinalis was 66.67%, 43.8%, 0.95%, 2.86%, and 0.95%, respectively in horses. Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 87.81%, 42.29%, 4.30%, 5.73%, 1.43%, 3.58% and 0.72% for Strongyles, Parascaris equorum, Oxyuris equi, Fasciola, Tricuris, Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus and Gastrophilus intestinalis in donkeys, respectively. There was a statistic-cally significant difference between species, housing and among feed types in prevalence of equine gastrointestinal parasites (p < 0.05). However, there was no statistical significant difference in prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites between age, sex and among body condition. Donkeys were at higher risk of acquiring parasites than horses (OR = 7.97, CI = 3.39 -18.75) and animals that fed only pasture and lived in poor house were at increased risk of acquiring infection (OR = 9.59, CI = 3.25 -28.25). In conclusion, the present study revealed higher prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in horses and donkeys. Therefore, continuous deworming, improvement of housing and feeding management were recommended.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Horses and Donkeys in and around Gondar Town, Ethiopia

Mezgebu¹,

Tafess²,

Tamiru³

2013

OJVM

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“…The high prevalence of P. equorum irrespective of the age of the donkeys is consistent with the finding of Wells et al (1998) and Getachew et al (2008b). This is in disagreement with the general opinion that P. equorum is a parasite of young horses (Clayton and Duncan 1979).…”

Section: Gasterophilus Intestinalissupporting

confidence: 62%

Gastrointestinal parasites of working donkeys of Ethiopia

Getachew

Trawford²,

Feseha

et al. 2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The general prevalence and population composition of gastrointestinal and pulmonary helminths of working donkeys were studied. For the purpose 2935 working donkeys were coprologically examined for nematode and cestode, and 215 donkeys for trematode infections. Seven donkeys that died due to various health problems or were euthanased on a welfare ground were necropsied and the parasites were recovered and identified to the species level. The study was conducted during the periods 1996-1999.Coprological examination revealed 99% strongyle, 80% Fasciola, 51% Parascaris, 30% Gastrodiscus, 11% Strongyloides westeri, 8% cestodes and 2% Oxyuris equi infection prevalence. Over 55% of donkeys had more than 1000 eggs per gram of faeces (epg). Forty two different species of parasites consisting of 33 nematodes, 3 trematodes, 3 cestodes and 3 arthropod larvae were identified from postmortem examined donkeys. Among the nematodes 17 species of Cyathostominae and 7 species of Strongylinae were identified. Other parasites identified include, Habronema muscae, Draschia megastoma, Trichostrongylus axei, Strongyloides westeri, Anoplocephala perfoliata, Anoplocephala magna, Anoplocephaloides (Paranoplocephala) mamillana, Parascaris equorum, Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica, Gastrodiscus aegyptiacus, Dictyocaulus arnfieldi, Oxyuris equi, Probstmayria vivipara, Gasterophilus intestinalis, Gasterophilus nasalis, Rhinoestrus uzbekistanicus and Setaria equina. This study revealed that working donkeys in Ethiopia are infected with a range of helminths and arthropod larvae, which are representatives of the important pathogenic parasites found in equids worldwide.

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“…For developing countries, reports are somewhat conflicting. In Ethiopia, Fikru et al (2005) and Gebreab (1998) both reported increased prevalence in 'younger animals', whereas Getachew and colleagues did not find associations between P. equorum infection and age in either horses (Getachew et al 2008a) or donkeys (Getachew et al 2010). The findings in Lesotho of no age association with infection prevalence appear to concur with the latter studies and raise the question as to why the pattern of infection appears to differ between equids in developed and developing countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Fikru et al (2005) reported prevalence at 17.1% in the Ethiopian highlands and (Getachew et al 2008a) reported prevalence in horses of 16.2%. Reported prevalence in donkeys in four sites in Ethiopia are higher at 43.5% (Gebreab 1998), 50% (Ayele 2006), 51.1% (Getachew et al 2008a) and 51% (Getachew et al 2010). The higher prevalence in donkeys may be due to differences in population age structures between the species or to species differences in immune response to endoparasite infestation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Coprological prevalence and intensity of helminth infection in working horses in Lesotho

Upjohn

Shipton

Lerotholi³

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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This study aimed to (1) estimate infection prevalence of strongyle, Oxyuris equi and Parascaris equorum species and the intensity of infection with strongyles in working horses in lowland Lesotho and (2) investigate associations between infection and horse age, sex and owner-reported use of anthelmintics. In a cross-sectional survey, fresh faecal samples were obtained from 305 randomly selected horses and worm egg counts performed using a validated field laboratory kit. Details of anthelmintic use were collected using a standardised face-to-face owner questionnaire. Infection prevalence estimates for each species were calculated, as were infection intensity estimates for strongyle species. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between exposure variables and infection status/intensity. Prevalence of strongyle infection was 88.2%; 11.8% of horses were not infected and infection intensity was low (1-500 eggs per gram (epg)) in 19.7%, medium (501-1,000 epg) in 19.7%) and high (>1,001 epg) in 48.8%. Decreasing strongyle infection intensity was associated with the use of proprietary equine anthelmintic products (OR 0.18, 95%CI 0.11-0.30, p<0.0001). Prevalence of O. equi infection was 6.2%; the odds of infection with this parasite decreased with increasing horse age (OR 0.84, 95%CI 0.72-0.97, p = 0.02). P. equorum infection prevalence was 21.6%; no statistically significant associations with the investigated exposure variables were found. In conclusion, strongyle infection is endemic in working horses in lowland Lesotho, but proprietary equine anthelmintics assist in managing infection. The apparent lack of age-acquired immunity to P. equorum infection may deserve further investigation. Although O. equi infection is less widespread, measures to protect younger animals may be appropriate.

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Equine parascarosis under the tropical weather conditions of Ethiopia: a coprological and postmortem study

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Horses and Donkeys in and around Gondar Town, Ethiopia

Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Horses and Donkeys in and around Gondar Town, Ethiopia

Gastrointestinal parasites of working donkeys of Ethiopia

Coprological prevalence and intensity of helminth infection in working horses in Lesotho

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