Equipment for Pilot Scale Experiments of NOx Emissions from the Silicon Process

Solheim, Ingeborg; Jensen, Roar; Kamfjord, Nils Eivind

doi:10.1002/9781118364987.ch5

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…32 Efforts to understand the NO X formation have shown that furnace design and furnace operating procedures, such as stoking and charging, heavily influence NO X emissions. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Reported NO X emission values vary greatly, with typical values ranging from 500 to 1500 ton per site and year. 12 The NO X production is inversely proportional to the silicon yield (low Si yield, high SiO losses), at least up to a certain level of silica fume formation.…”

Section: Nitrogen Oxides Noxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Emissions from Si/FeSi Production

Kero

Grådahl

Tranell

2016

JOM

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The management of airborne emissions from silicon and ferrosilicon production is, in many ways, similar to the management of airborne emissions from other metallurgical industries, but certain challenges are highly branch-specific, for example the dust types generated and the management of NO X emissions by furnace design and operation. A major difficulty in the mission to reduce emissions is that information about emission types and sources as well as abatement and measurement methods is often scarce, incomplete and scattered. The sheer diversity and complexity of the subject presents a hurdle, especially for new professionals in the field. This article focuses on the airborne emissions from Si and FeSi production, including greenhouse gases, nitrogen oxides, airborne particulate matter also known as dust, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals. The aim is to summarize current knowledge in a state-of-the-art overview intended to introduce fresh industry engineers and academic researchers to the technological aspects relevant to the reduction of airborne emissions.

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Section: Nitrogen Oxides Noxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Emissions from Si/FeSi Production

Kero

Grådahl

Tranell

2016

JOM

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“…Electrical power was supplied through a 400 kVA electrical supply through a 6″ graphite electrode of EG90 quality, delivered by Tanso. The target electrical load was 160 kW, based on experiences with previous experiments [15], but in several cases had to be reduced to limit the temperature of the off-gas. Variations in electrical resistance and latency in electrode regulation also contributed to deviations in load.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the model estimates steady-state conditions, a constant supply of raw materials forms the basis of all calculations. Estimations of off-gas concentrations from a silicon plant have been described earlier by Andersen et al [15] using a similar model, which is a good source of reference for a more detailed description of how the model is set up.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot-Scale Test of Flue Gas Recirculation for The Silicon Process

Andersen

Solheim

Gaertner

et al. 2022

J. Sustain. Metall.

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Flue gas recirculation (FGR) for the silicon process may facilitate increasing the CO2 concentration in the off-gas, which will be beneficial for potential future carbon capture. Lower oxygen concentration in the combustion gas will also reduce NOX emissions. An existing 400 kVA Submerged Arc Furnace (SAF) pilot setup was modified to be able to recirculate flue gas and equipped with gas analysis to monitor both the flue gas and the mixed combustion gas entering the furnace. Over a running period of 80 h, including 32 h of startup, twelve different combinations of FGR ratios and flow rates were tested using typical industrial raw materials. Increased CO2 flue gas concentrations were successfully demonstrated with concentrations over 20 vol % CO2. Emissions of NOX were shown to be reduced when isolating stable comparable periods within each tapping cycle. Graphical Abstract

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Pilot Scale Test of Flue Gas Recirculation for the Silicon Process

Andersen

Solheim

Gaertner

et al. 2022

The Minerals, Metals &Amp; Materials Series

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Flue gas recirculation (FGR) for the silicon process may facilitate increasing the CO 2 concentration in the off-gas, which will be beneficial for potential future carbon capture. Lower oxygen concentration in the combustion gas will also reduce NO X emissions. An existing 400 kVA Submerged Arc Furnace (SAF) pilot setup was modified to be able to recirculate flue gas and equipped with gas analysis to monitor both the flue gas and the mixed combustion gas entering the furnace. Over a running period of 80 h, including 32 h of startup, twelve different combinations of FGR ratios and flow rates were tested using typical industrial raw materials. Increased CO 2 flue gas concentrations were successfully demonstrated with concentrations over 20 vol % CO 2 . Emissions of NO X were shown to be reduced when isolating stable comparable periods within each tapping cycle.The contributing editor for this article was Mansoor Barati.

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Equipment for Pilot Scale Experiments of NOx Emissions from the Silicon Process

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Airborne Emissions from Si/FeSi Production

Airborne Emissions from Si/FeSi Production

Pilot-Scale Test of Flue Gas Recirculation for The Silicon Process

Pilot Scale Test of Flue Gas Recirculation for the Silicon Process

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