Equitable distribution of growth for utilitarian and non-utilitarian infrastructure planning

Wismadi, Arif; Brussel, M.J.G.; Zuidgeest, Mark; Maarseveen, Martin van

doi:10.1186/s40551-015-0011-x

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…(Source: Authors' work) populated areas and the co-location of GPs and SPs may be expected and therefore unsurprising, it reaffirms the need for a comprehensive approach, targeting factors such as the economic upliftment of regions in need and improvement in career development opportunities, to provide attractive opportunities to healthcare professionals to move and practice in such geographies [34,35]. Health policy approaches may include direct incentives for both the public sector and the private health plans to improve primary healthcare coverage in areas where disease burden may be inadequately resourced [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measuring the geographic disparity of comorbidity in commercially insured individuals compared to the distribution of physicians in South Africa

Mannie

Strydom²,

Kharrazi

2022

BMC Prim. Care

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Background Measuring and addressing the disparity between access to healthcare resources and underlying health needs of populations is a prominent focus in health policy development. More recently, the fair distribution of healthcare resources among population subgroups have become an important indication of health inequities. Single disease outcomes are commonly used for healthcare resource allocations; however, leveraging population-level comorbidity measures for health disparity research has been limited. This study compares the geographical distribution of comorbidity and associated healthcare utilization among commercially insured individuals in South Africa (SA) relative to the distribution of physicians. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis was performed comparing the geographical distribution of comorbidity and physicians for 2.6 million commercially insured individuals over 2016–2017, stratified by geographical districts and population groups in SA. We applied the Johns Hopkins ACG® System across the claims data of a large health plan administrator to measure a comorbidity risk score for each individual. By aggregating individual scores, we determined the average healthcare resource need of individuals per district, known as the comorbidity index (CMI), to describe the disease burden per district. Linear regression models were constructed to test the relationship between CMI, age, gender, population group, and population density against physician density. Results Our results showed a tendency for physicians to practice in geographic areas with more insurance enrollees and not necessarily where disease burden may be highest. This was confirmed by a negative relationship between physician density and CMI for the overall population and for three of the four major population groups. Among the population groups, the Black African population had, on average, access to fewer physicians per capita than other population groups, before and after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion CMI is a novel measure for healthcare disparities research that considers both acute and chronic conditions contributing to current and future healthcare costs. Our study linked and compared the population-level geographical distribution of CMI to the distribution of physicians using routinely collected data. Our results could provide vital information towards the more equitable distribution of healthcare providers across population groups in SA, and to meet the healthcare needs of disadvantaged communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measuring the geographic disparity of comorbidity in commercially insured individuals compared to the distribution of physicians in South Africa

Mannie

Strydom²,

Kharrazi

2022

BMC Prim. Care

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The dynamics of rural transformation, household income, and poverty reduction: Case study in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Reviza Rachmawati,

Juliani Purba,

Sudaryanto

et al. 2023

E3S Web of Conf.

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Rural transformation (RT) is a process in which the agricultural system undergoes transformation towards off-farm, commercial, and market-oriented ones. The research objective is to analyze the dynamics of rural transformation, farmer incomes, and poverty in rural areas in North Sumatra. This study used secondary data from Statistics Indonesia and analyzed using descriptive and tabular methods. The results show that the agricultural structure has shifted over the last two decades from low-value commodities (food crops) to high-value commodities. At the same time, non-farm employment opportunities also showed an increase. The development of high-value commodities and non-farm sectors has also contributed to reducing rural poverty rates. The plantation sub-sector is the highest contributor to agricultural GDP in North Sumatra and tends to increase yearly, in addition to the livestock and horticulture. The non-agricultural industry began to increase and contributed significantly to GDP. Per capita income in 2011-2020 has increased. Poverty depth and severity are still below the national average, meaning that efforts to alleviate poverty have been relatively successful to increase incomes and reduce poverty in rural areas, one of the strategies that need to be taken is to encourage the development of high-value commodities and expand non-agricultural employment opportunities in rural areas.

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Infrastructure inequities and its effect on poverty reduction across regional states in Ethiopia

Desalegn

Negussie

2020

Journal of Mega Infrastructure & Sustainable Development

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Equitable distribution of growth for utilitarian and non-utilitarian infrastructure planning

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Measuring the geographic disparity of comorbidity in commercially insured individuals compared to the distribution of physicians in South Africa

Measuring the geographic disparity of comorbidity in commercially insured individuals compared to the distribution of physicians in South Africa

The dynamics of rural transformation, household income, and poverty reduction: Case study in North Sumatra, Indonesia

Infrastructure inequities and its effect on poverty reduction across regional states in Ethiopia

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