Equivalent Circuit for Phase Delay in a Medium Frequency Antenna

Grundhöfer, Lars; Gewies, Stefan

doi:10.23919/enc48637.2020.9317493

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It was shown that each of these elements cause a phase offset. The characterization of these effects is the subject of ongoing research (Grundhöfer et al., 2019; Grundhöfer & Gewies, 2020).…”

Section: System Bias and Propagation Delaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three feasibility studies published in 2014, which were created as part of the ACCSEAS project, showed that R‐Mode could work when medium frequency (MF) maritime radio beacons or base stations of the Automatic Identification System (AIS), operating in the very high frequency (VHF) band, are modified such that they broadcast synchronized R‐Mode signals (Johnson & Swaszek, 2014a, 2014b, 2014c). These activities are continued today including the investigation of feasibility studies in different countries and the first R‐Mode testbeds (Gewies et al., 2018; Grundhöfer & Gewies, 2020; Hoppe et al., 2018; Jiang et al., 2018; Johnson et al., 2020; Lee et al., 2018; Safar et al., 2019; Wirsing et al., 2020). The standardization of R‐Mode has started (IALA, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positioning with medium frequency R‐Mode

et al. 2021

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R‐Mode is a terrestrial navigation system under development for the maritime domain that provides backup in case of a GNSS outage. This paper describes the first test results for real‐time positioning on board a ship using medium frequency R‐Mode signals. The estimation and positioning algorithms used are described in detail and it is shown how they are integrated into the R‐Mode receiver developed by the German Aerospace Center. Moreover, during two daytime experiments with lower and higher dynamic movements of a ship in the Baltic Sea, we were able to achieve a 95% horizontal positioning accuracy of better then 12 m in the center of three R‐Mode transmitters. This demonstrates the first time that the medium frequency R‐Mode has provided positioning at sea.

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Section: System Bias and Propagation Delaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positioning with medium frequency R‐Mode

et al. 2021

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Performance Assessment of the Medium Frequency R-Mode Baltic Testbed at Sea near Rostock

et al. 2023

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Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are the primary source of position, navigation and timing (PNT) information in the maritime domain. Nevertheless, there is a pressing need for alternative absolute position information to serve as a backup when GNSS is not trustworthy or usable. One possible alternative navigation system is the terrestrial Ranging Mode, also known as the R-Mode. It reuses medium frequency (MF) radio beacons and base stations of the very high frequency data exchange system (VDES) for the transmission of synchronised signals in the service areas of those stations. A large-scale R-Mode testbed is available in the southern Baltic Sea with eight MF radio beacons transmitting R-Mode signals. These signals suffer the self-interference generated by the reflection of the radio wave from the ionosphere at night. The reflected signal, known as the sky wave in the literature, is a form of multipath, which decreases the accuracy of the system. In our work, we present the analysis of measurements obtained with the research vessel Deneb. The horizontal accuracy achieved in the optimal condition was 15.1 m (95%), whereas under the sky wave, the accuracy decreased to 55.3 m. The results are a starting point for the further development of the MF R-Mode system.

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Equivalent Circuit for Phase Delay in a Medium Frequency Antenna

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Positioning with medium frequency R‐Mode

Positioning with medium frequency R‐Mode

Performance Assessment of the Medium Frequency R-Mode Baltic Testbed at Sea near Rostock

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