Eradication of the invasive seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia by chlorine bleach

Williams, Susan L.; Schroeder, S.

doi:10.3354/meps272069

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Lime is effective against tunicates (Carver et al 2003;Denny 2008), but less successful against other fouling species (Piola et al 2010). Chlorination using chlorine bleach kills arbitrarily, so its use as an effective eradication treatment is considered tenuous (Williams and Schroeder 2004). It has proven efficient against a range of fouling organisms (Denny 2008;Piola et al 2010), yet has been found to have no impact on some tunicates (Carver et al 2003).…”

Section: Physical Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact and control of biofouling in marine aquaculture: a review

et al. 2012

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Biofouling in marine aquaculture is a specific problem where both the target culture species and/or infrastructure are exposed to a diverse array of fouling organisms, with significant production impacts. In shellfish aquaculture the key impact is the direct fouling of stock causing physical damage, mechanical interference, biological competition and environmental modification, while infrastructure is also impacted. In contrast, the key impact in finfish aquaculture is the fouling of infrastructure which restricts water exchange, increases disease risk and causes deformation of cages and structures. Consequently, the economic costs associated with biofouling control are substantial. Conservative estimates are consistently between 5-10% of production costs (equivalent to US$ 1.5 to 3 billion yr 71 ), illustrating the need for effective mitigation methods and technologies. The control of biofouling in aquaculture is achieved through the avoidance of natural recruitment, physical removal and the use of antifoulants. However, the continued rise and expansion of the aquaculture industry and the increasingly stringent legislation for biocides in food production necessitates the development of innovative antifouling strategies. These must meet environmental, societal, and economic benchmarks while effectively preventing the settlement and growth of resilient multi-species consortia of biofouling organisms.

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Section: Physical Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact and control of biofouling in marine aquaculture: a review

et al. 2012

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“…No delay in eradication was necessary because a full year was required to treat all infested areas. There were lost opportunities to measure the relative efficacy of light reduction versus chlorine in the eradication (Williams and Schroeder 2004), which would have provided a basis to potentially reduce hazardous chlorine applications near urban settlements, residual chemical effects on nontarget biota, and cost. Information on the temperature and light regimes and algal growth rates in infested areas also is not available, which would be invaluable to target areas of potential establishment and predict spread rates.…”

Section: Two Case Histories: the Introductions Of Caulerpa And Spartinamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Invasive Species Challenge in Estuarine and Coastal Environments: Marrying Management and Science

Williams

Grosholz

2008

Estuaries and Coasts: J CERF

199

115

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Despite the widely acknowledged threat posed by invasive species in coastal estuaries, there are substantial gaps at the intersection of science and policy that are impeding invasive species management. In the face of pressing management needs in coastal and estuarine environments, we advocate that introduced species should receive the kind of management effort dedicated, for example, to reducing pollution. We support our argument with some examples of economic costs of estuarine and coastal introduced species and a summary of recent evidence for the ecological costs. We highlight some of the issues that either thwart or facilitate the successful marriage between science and management of introduced species, including the regulatory framework for management. We use the available information on coastal eradication programs, including case histories of the programs for Caulerpa taxifolia and Spartina alterniflora (and hybrids) in the western USA, to indicate the feasibility of managing introduced species and to help point out how management and science can improve the outcome. We close with a research agenda that focuses primarily on science that will really assist with invasive species management and reflects our own experience and the opinions of managers directly involved with this issue.

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“…Otherwise, the number of invasions and their subsequent effects will only increase (Bax et al 2001). Also, we must consider that climate change is likely to shift the distribution of suitable areas for many species, including Caulerpa (Williams and Schroeder 2004). Thus, this model, as any other model, is a temporary tool in need of constant adaptation to new environmental and human factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Predicting risks of invasion of macroalgae in the genus Caulerpa in Florida

et al. 2007

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There is worldwide concern about the aquarium strain of the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh that was introduced to the Mediterranean Sea in 1984. Since that time, it has flourished and now covers thousands of hectares of near-shore waters. More recently, aquarium strains of C. taxifolia invaded southern California and Australian waters. Our goal was to evaluate potential invasion of C. taxifolia to Florida's coastal waters. We looked for evidence of C. taxifolia-aquarium strain, as well as the present distribution of all species of Caulerpa, in Florida's near-shore waters. We surveyed 24 areas in six zones along the Floridian coastline, and evaluated the association of potential indicators for the presence of Caulerpa. Latitude, presence of seagrass beds, human population density, and proximity to marinas were the four variables simultaneously considered. Caulerpa taxifoliaaquarium strain was not found at any of our survey locations. However, 14 species of Caulerpa were found at 31 of the 132 sites visited. Percent correct for our model was 61.5% for presence and 98.1% for absence. There was a positive correlation between Caulerpa spp. and seagrass beds and proximity to marinas. There was a negative correlation with latitude and human population density. The parameters in the logistic regression model assessing the association of Caulerpa occurrence with the measured variables were then used to predict current and future probabilities of Caulerpa spp. presence throughout the state. This prediction model will allow resource managers to focus their efforts in future surveys.

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Eradication of the invasive seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia by chlorine bleach

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

The impact and control of biofouling in marine aquaculture: a review

The impact and control of biofouling in marine aquaculture: a review

The Invasive Species Challenge in Estuarine and Coastal Environments: Marrying Management and Science

Predicting risks of invasion of macroalgae in the genus Caulerpa in Florida

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