Fractionation and purification of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Eranthemum nervosum (Vahl) R. Br. (Acanthaceae) cultivated in Egypt yielded eleven compounds named: βamyrin (1), α-amyrin (2), Lupeol (3), β-sitosterol (4), Apigenin (5), Kaempferol (6), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), Benzoic acid (8), Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), Syringin (10) and Apigenin 7-O-neohesperidoside (11). Identification of these compounds has been established by physical, chemical and spectral data as well as comparison with authentic samples. The LD 50 ; anti-inflammatory; antipyretic; hepatoprotective and the effect on CNS were studied. EXPERIMENTAL General: melting points were measured on Electrothermal 9100 Digital Melting Point Instrument (England Ltd., England). UV/visible spectral data were determined on JASCO Uvidec Model 320 spectrophotometer (Tokyo, Japan) and Ultrospec 1000, UV/visible Spectrometer, Pharmacia Biotech, Cambridge (England). IR spectra were recorded on Shimadzu IR-470 (Japan) spectrometer using KBr pellets. NMR spectra were measured on JEOL TNM-LA FT NMR spectrometer (Japan) using TMS as internal standard. EI-MS were recorded with JEOL JMS 600 Hz (Japan). Column chromatography was performed on Kieselgel 60 (60-230 mesh, Merck) and RP-18 (E-Merck, Germany), precoated silica gel G 60 F 254 and RP-18 plates for TLC (E-Merck, Germany) and Whatman sheets No. 1 (Whatman, Ltd., England) for paper chromatography.