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Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) and Maximum Reservoir Contact (MRC) well design can drastically decrease development costs. A critical ERD and MRC challenge is frictional drag encountered when running long casing and liner strings. If the frictional drag becomes too great the string will stall before reaching total depth (TD), severely compromising the completion of the well. This paper presents the implementation of the casing swivel tool to effectively mitigate this friction risk. String rotation can provide a large reduction in axial drag by shifting the friction vector to primarily affect the torsional direction. Full string rotation offers the largest benefit, but the torque required often exceeds both the casing connection rating and top drive capability. The use of a swivel enables partial string rotation above the swivel to reduce the torque requirement. With increasing production lateral lengths the swivel was moved from the running string into the liner to increase the rotating length of pipe while managing rotational torque. The drill pipe swivel has a long history of effectively providing a reduction in axial drag by allowing for the running string to be rotated when running long MRC lower completion liners. As lateral lengths have increased from 10,000 feet up to 20,000 feet in Extended MRC (EMRC) wells, the ratio of liner length to running string length has greatly increased. To accommodate this shift in well design the swiveling point needed to be pushed deeper into the well, from running string to the liner. The fit-for-purpose design of the sacrificial casing swivel allows it to be integrated permanently into the completion and enables increased partial string rotation. To date the casing swivel has been deployed on eight wells, including a world record single-run 6-5/8″ production liner. In one well, the liner stalled and only reached TD after engaging the swivel. The use of the casing swivel has reduced the required well count and capital investment by enabling lateral sections of up to 20,000 feet while also decreasing drilling risk due to less overburden drilling. The application of casing swivel in the Giant Offshore Oilfield Abu Dhabi was a first for this size and length of lower completion liner. The casing swivel has become a key enabler to maximizing the length of production laterals resulting in substantial well construction cost savings.
Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) and Maximum Reservoir Contact (MRC) well design can drastically decrease development costs. A critical ERD and MRC challenge is frictional drag encountered when running long casing and liner strings. If the frictional drag becomes too great the string will stall before reaching total depth (TD), severely compromising the completion of the well. This paper presents the implementation of the casing swivel tool to effectively mitigate this friction risk. String rotation can provide a large reduction in axial drag by shifting the friction vector to primarily affect the torsional direction. Full string rotation offers the largest benefit, but the torque required often exceeds both the casing connection rating and top drive capability. The use of a swivel enables partial string rotation above the swivel to reduce the torque requirement. With increasing production lateral lengths the swivel was moved from the running string into the liner to increase the rotating length of pipe while managing rotational torque. The drill pipe swivel has a long history of effectively providing a reduction in axial drag by allowing for the running string to be rotated when running long MRC lower completion liners. As lateral lengths have increased from 10,000 feet up to 20,000 feet in Extended MRC (EMRC) wells, the ratio of liner length to running string length has greatly increased. To accommodate this shift in well design the swiveling point needed to be pushed deeper into the well, from running string to the liner. The fit-for-purpose design of the sacrificial casing swivel allows it to be integrated permanently into the completion and enables increased partial string rotation. To date the casing swivel has been deployed on eight wells, including a world record single-run 6-5/8″ production liner. In one well, the liner stalled and only reached TD after engaging the swivel. The use of the casing swivel has reduced the required well count and capital investment by enabling lateral sections of up to 20,000 feet while also decreasing drilling risk due to less overburden drilling. The application of casing swivel in the Giant Offshore Oilfield Abu Dhabi was a first for this size and length of lower completion liner. The casing swivel has become a key enabler to maximizing the length of production laterals resulting in substantial well construction cost savings.
This development predominantly from four artificial islands of a giant offshore field in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) requires isolation of the reservoir during deployment of advanced ERD upper completions. This methodology to isolate the reservoir, during upper completions, carries through to rigging down the Blow Out Preventer (BOP) and offline Xmas tree installation operations. These well construction barrier requirements are met with the use of a tubing deployed barrier device and packer within an intermediate completion that is deployed as a separate trip in the hole on drillpipe to isolate the reservoir. Prior to running the upper completion both packer and barrier device are suitably tested to confirm their barrier status. Current barrier devices utilized in the field development require wellbore intervention with either slickline or coiled tubing to remove the internal barrier in the devices. Both of these methods pose a financial impact and operational risk to the well. In addition, they can cause delays to the rig schedule as the intervention in some cases needs to be done on critical rig path, in situations where the next well on the schedule prevents offline access. Development plans to both minimize current and future wellbore interventions with slickline or coiled tubing, and maximize Inner Diameter (ID) to allow for remedial completion operations, resulted in a requirement for a barrier device with both remote actuation and large internal bore. The authors describe the process undertaken to develop, qualify and deploy a big bore, Remote Actuated Barrier Device (RABD) to meet the field development requirements.
Extended Reach Drilling (ERD) from the artificial island is particularly challenging for anti-collision, directional drilling and wellbore construction; facing various issues including but not limited to wellbore instability, hole cleaning, tortuosity, torque and drag etc., affecting the completion liner running and its ability to reach the setting depth especially in the smaller hole sizes. This paper describes the application of ground-breaking technology that enables completion liner with multiple ICDs and Swell Packers to be deployed at setting depth in ERD well maximizing oil reservoir production and saving cost. In 3D complex well profiles, while running conventional completion liner string, frictional drag is cumulated along the string, exposing the same to sinusoidal buckling which is further elevated to helical buckling and consuming the load available from surface to transfer to shoe, ultimately preventing the string to reach the setting depth. The buckling is even more severe in smaller hole sizes like 6" hole section where tapered drill string with 4" DP against 7" liner is used to run lower completion. By allowing a portion of the string to be rotated, significant amount of axial friction is converted from drag to torque and provides additional hookload at surface to push the string to TD. This selective rotation is enabled by the integration of a Swiveling Tool into the string above the Liner Hanger. The tool has been tested in a development well in an artificial island of offshore Abu Dhabi. This was the longest well drilled by operator with measured depth of 24,414 ft (Horizontal departure +/− 20,000 ft, 6" drain hole length +/− 5,200 ft). Later this technology was implemented in most of the challenging 3D complex wells and the Swiveling Tool became part of completion running string (4-1/2" Liner with ICD's and swell-able packers) based on the T&D simulation results if they indicated very little or no margin of drag available prior to string lock up which might make it impossible to reach setting depth. This paper describes a structural approach towards running 4-1/2" lower completion with ICD and swell packer in 3D-complex ERD well utilizing swiveling tool to ensure completion is run to the desired setting depth. The proposed tool can be implemented any project worldwide where buckling could prevent running lower completion and there is restriction to rotate the lower part of completion or if there are chances of having obstructions due to hole condition/geometry.
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