Erfassung negativer Antwortverzerrungen mit der deutschen Fassung des „Personality Assessment Inventory”, dem „Verhaltens- und Erlebensinventar”

Vossler-Thies, Elisabeth; Stevens, Andreas; Engel, Rolf R.; Licha, Christina

doi:10.1026/0012-1924/a000086

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…As for criterion validity, low to moderate associations with almost every scale were found (e.g., Morey, 1991 ;Ortiz-Tallo, et al ., 2011 ;Newberry & Shuker, 2012 ;Sinclair, et al ., 2012 ;Vossler-Thies, et al ., 2013 ). They were moderate mostly in scales and subscales assessing similar traits in the PAI and the SCL-90-R, according to expectations, and providing validity evidence for the Argentinean version of the PAI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides similarities in procedures and results, the PAI is supported by various empirical validity studies using diverse external criteria, such as other tests and clinical diagnoses (e.g., Morey, 1991 ;Ortiz-Tallo, et al ., 2011 ; Newberry & Shuker, 2012 ;Sinclair, Bello, Nyer, Slavin-Mulford, Stein, Renna, et al ., 2012 ;Vossler-Thies, Stevens, Engel, & Licha, 2013 ). Despite its recent development and given its adequate psychometric properties, the PAI has been widely used.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Personality Assessment Inventory: Psychometric Analyses of its Argentinean Version

2015

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This psychometric analysis of the Argentinean version of the Personality Assessment Inventory employed a convenience sample of 998 non-clinical adults from Buenos Aires, Argentina, stratified by sex and age (50% men; M age = 40.4 yr., SD = 16.8; 50% women; M age = 40.7 yr., SD = 17.4; 69% were employed). For a criterion validity study, a second sample of 394 students at the University of Buenos Aires was selected (47% men; M age = 24 yr., SD = 3.7; 53% women; M age = 23.6 yr., SD = 3.4). Cronbach's αs ranged from .60 to .86, indicating adequate internal consistency. Following American, German, and Spanish studies, a first analysis on the 22 scales obtained a five-factor solution (65.3% of total variance), and a second analysis on 11 clinical scales isolated a two-factor solution (69.3% of total variance). Correlations with the Symptom Checklist-90-R provided support for criterion validity. Most of the scales and subscales showed sex differences and differences between American and Argentinean samples. Future research must add other psychometric indicators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Personality Assessment Inventory: Psychometric Analyses of its Argentinean Version

2015

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“…The prevalence of faking application cases strongly depends on the situation. According to Vossler-Thies, Stevens, Engel, and Licha [32], rates for faking-bad strategies in psychological assessment reports reach up to 29-30%. Other studies postulate substantially higher estimations: Stevens, Friedel, Mehren and Merten [33] found indication for suboptimal performance in 44% of subjects in psychiatric assessments using the Word Memory Test (WMT) and the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) for effort testing, while Greve, Ord, Bianchini and Curtis [34] claim prevalence rates of feigned psychological symptoms between 20-50% in 508 applications for invalidity pensions, depending on the test procedure.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Faking and Socio-economic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the more pessimistic estimates on the prevalence of faking of 30-50% are correct, the relevance of studying faking in the context of mental health assessment, including its detection and prevention, becomes apparent. Furthermore, the problem of deliberate misrepresentation in assessment situations is not only relevant to the assessment of mental health but also to many other subdisciplines in medicine [32].…”

Section: Prevalence Of Faking and Socio-economic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting instructed simulation and dissimulation when screening for depressive symptoms

Goerigk

Hilbert

Jobst

et al. 2018

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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The intentional distortion of test results presents a fundamental problem to self-report-based psychiatric assessment, such as screening for depressive symptoms. The first objective of the study was to clarify whether depressed patients like healthy controls possess both the cognitive ability and motivation to deliberately influence results of commonly used screening measures. The second objective was the construction of a method derived directly from within the test takers' responses to systematically detect faking behavior. Supervised machine learning algorithms posit the potential to empirically learn the implicit interconnections between responses, which shape detectable faking patterns. In a standardized design, faking bad and faking good were experimentally induced in a matched sample of 150 depressed and 150 healthy subjects. Participants completed commonly used questionnaires to detect depressive and associated symptoms. Group differences throughout experimental conditions were evaluated using linear mixed-models. Machine learning algorithms were trained on the test results and compared regarding their capacity to systematically predict distortions in response behavior in two scenarios:(1) differentiation of authentic patient responses from simulated responses of healthy participants; (2) differentiation of authentic patient responses from dissimulated patient responses. Statistically significant convergence of the test scores in both faking conditions suggests that both depressive patients and healthy controls have the cognitive ability as well as the motivational compliance to alter their test results. Evaluation of the algorithmic capability to detect faking behavior yielded ideal predictive accuracies of up to 89%. Implications of the findings, as well as future research objectives are discussed. Trial Registration The study was pre-registered at the German registry for clinical trials (Deutsches Register klinischer Studien, DRKS; DRKS00007708).

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“…Seit 2013 existiert mit dem Verhaltens-und Erlebensinventar (VEI; [85]) eine deutschsprachige Adaptation des PAI, dessen Normdaten den amerikanischen Normen weitgehend zu entsprechen scheinen. Auch für das VEI wurden an kleinen Gruppen instruierter Simulanten und zu begutachtender Exploranden erste akzeptable Schätzungen der Sensitivität und Spezifität der Skalen für negative Antwortverzerrung vorgelegt [86]. Angesichts ihrer Ergebnisse stellen die Autoren für deutschsprachige Patienten allerdings eine Adaption der von Morey [83] Der Terminus "willentlich" schließt Bewusstheit und Absicht mit ein.…”

Section: Fehlerhafte Stereotypienunclassified

Beschwerdenvalidierung in der versicherungsmedizinischen Begutachtung

Keppler

Plohmann

Pflueger

et al. 2017

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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High prevalence rates of non-authentic complaints identified by experts in the field of insurance medicine draw attention to the risk of services, which are of limited availability and financially compensated, being used in ways that are not goal-oriented. Therefore, symptom validity testing has become a growing issue to prevent non-targeted monetary compensations. This paper outlines the best-evaluated methods and instruments. Based on the data currently available, their validity, in particular in the context of medico-legal assessment, is assessed. It is concluded that symptom validity assessment allows inferences about the degree of certainty of clinical judgements on the authenticity of reported symptoms. Thus, the application of the suggested instruments enhances significantly the quality of medical and psychological expertise. However, the integration of the additional results into the overall assessment is challenging and needs to be further clarified.

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Erfassung negativer Antwortverzerrungen mit der deutschen Fassung des „Personality Assessment Inventory”, dem „Verhaltens- und Erlebensinventar”

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Personality Assessment Inventory: Psychometric Analyses of its Argentinean Version

Personality Assessment Inventory: Psychometric Analyses of its Argentinean Version

Predicting instructed simulation and dissimulation when screening for depressive symptoms

Beschwerdenvalidierung in der versicherungsmedizinischen Begutachtung

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