Erosion rate maps highlight spatio-temporal patterns of uplift and quantify sediment export of the Northern Andes

Ott, Richard F.; Pérez-Consuegra, Nicolás; Scherler, Dirk; Mora, Andrés; Huppert, Kimberly L.; Braun, Jean; Hoke, Gregory D.; Sandoval Ruiz, Jose R.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118354

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 59 publications

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“…Muscovite 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates are older outside this valley at ∼250 … 425 Ma (van der Lelij et al., 2016). Cosmogenic radionuclide dating (Ott et al., 2023) and low‐temperature thermochronology (Pérez‐Consuegra et al., 2022) from the central and western Colombian Andes (Figure 10c) show the highest erosion/denudation rates in the lofted Cauca valley (1 km elevation) along the Romeral‐Cauca fault systems. Though perhaps coincidentally, we note that the trend of the main valley in each natural prototype supports the observed differences between the final configurations of the presented high and low erosion models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐Tectonics of Transpressional Systems: Insights From Analog Modeling

Conrad,

Reitano,

Faccenna

et al. 2023

Tectonics

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Transpressional margins are widespread, and their dynamics are relevant for plate boundary evolution globally. Though transpressional orogen evolution involves a topographic response to deformation, many studies focus only on the structural development of the system ignoring surface processes. Here, we present a new set of analog models constructed to investigate how tectonic and surface processes interact at transpressive plate boundaries and shape topography. Experiments are conducted by deforming a previously benchmarked crustal analog material in a meter‐scale plexiglass box while controlling erosion through misting nozzles mounted along the transpressional wedge. To analyze the experiments, we generate digital elevation models from laser scans and conduct image correlation analysis on photos taken during experiments. We focus on three experiments that cover a range of erosional conditions and shortening stages (two end‐member erosion models and a dry reference). In all experiments, a bivergent wedge forms, and strain partitioning broadly evolves according to previously established models. Regarding drainage networks, we find that the streams in our models develop differently through feedback between fault development and drainage rearrangement processes. Differences between end‐member erosional models can be explained by the varying response of streams to structure modulated by rainfall. Additionally, erosion may influence the structural evolution of transpressional topography, leading to accelerated strike‐slip partitioning. From these results, we create a model for developing structures, streams, and topography where incision and valley formation along main structures localize exhumation. We apply insights from the models to natural transpressional systems, including the Transverse Ranges, CA, and the Venezuelan Andes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐Tectonics of Transpressional Systems: Insights From Analog Modeling

Conrad,

Reitano,

Faccenna

et al. 2023

Tectonics

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Erosion rates and morphogenesis of the El Peñol de Guatapé inselberg, northern Andes (Colombia), inferred from geomorphic analyses and cosmogenic 10Be measurements

Noriega-Londoño,

Restrepo-Moreno,

Marín-Cerón

et al. 2024

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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Repeated Structural Reworking in the Basement of the Central Colombian Andes Unraveled by a Multi‐Chronometric Approach

Zapata,

Cardona,

Jaramillo‐Ríos

et al. 2024

Tectonics

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Long‐lived orogens are often characterized by basement blocks affected by polyphase thick‐skinned deformation. Deciphering these events is challenging due to the heterogeneous and complex structural histories resulting from the superposition of multiple deformation phases. For instance, the Central Cordillera of Colombia was shaped by multiple tectonic phases during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, which have been poorly constrained in both space and time. To unravel the deformation history of this mountain belt, we conducted field mapping and applied a multi‐chronometric approach that included zircon and apatite U‐Pb dating of the igneous basement, epidote and titanite U‐Pb dating of structurally controlled mineralization events, K‐Ar dating of fault rock illite, and fission track and (U‐Th‐Sm)/He bedrock thermochronology of apatite and zircon. The results reveal six deformation events along two fault systems during the past 184 Myr. This deformation history started in the Jurassic with structurally controlled magmatism and ductile deformation; followed by brittle‐ductile and fluid‐assisted basin subsidence and inversion during the Cretaceous. Finally, the Cenozoic was characterized by brittle strike‐slip and compressional deformation. Our findings show the basement response to polyphase reworking, highlighting the prominent role of ancient upper‐plate discontinuities, magmatism, and fluids.

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Erosion rate maps highlight spatio-temporal patterns of uplift and quantify sediment export of the Northern Andes

Cited by 4 publications

References 59 publications

Morpho‐Tectonics of Transpressional Systems: Insights From Analog Modeling

Morpho‐Tectonics of Transpressional Systems: Insights From Analog Modeling

Erosion rates and morphogenesis of the El Peñol de Guatapé inselberg, northern Andes (Colombia), inferred from geomorphic analyses and cosmogenic 10Be measurements

Repeated Structural Reworking in the Basement of the Central Colombian Andes Unraveled by a Multi‐Chronometric Approach

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