Erosion rates and sediment budgets in vineyards at 1-m resolution based on stock unearthing (Burgundy, France)

Brenot, Jérôme; Quiquerez, Amélie; Petit, Christophe; Garcia, Jean-Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.01.005

Cited by 58 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Several authors Casalí et al, 2009;Paroissien et al, 2010) demonstrated that these signals were correct indicators of soil movements in the vineyards (erosion, transport and sedimentation). The conditions described in Brenot et al (2008), previously confirmed with the vine growers, were as follows: (i) there is no vertical growth of the graft after the vineyard plantation; (ii) the recommendations concerning the graft union elevation at the vineyard are followed so that this elevation can be considered to be constant over the studied region; (iii) the measurement errors are negligible compared to the observed unearthing or burying of vine rootstock.…”

Section: Frontal Botanic Marks On the Graft Unionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Rainfall and human activity impacts on soil losses and rill erosion in vineyards (Ruwer Valley, Germany)

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Vineyards are one of the eco-geomorphological systems most conditioned by human activity in Germany. The vineyards of the Ruwer Valley (Germany) are characterized by high soil erosion rates and rill problems on steep slopes (between 23 and 26 • ) caused by the increasingly frequent heavy rainfall events as well as deterioration due to incorrect land use managements.The objective of this paper is to determine and to quantify the hydrological and erosive phenomena in one vineyard in Germany during different seasons and under different management conditions (before, during and after vintage).For this purpose, a combined methodology was applied. Climatic (rainfall depth distributions and return periods), pedological (soil analysis and classification), geomorphological (sediment movements and rills evolution) and biological (botanic marks on the vines) variables were used on the two experimental plots in the village of Waldrach (Trier, region of Rhineland-Palatinate).The results showed high infiltration rates (near 100 %) and subsurface flow which were detected by rainfall simulations performed at different times of the year (between September and December). The highest variations of the monitored rills (lateral and frontal movements) were noted before and during vintage, when footsteps occurred concentrated during a short period of time (between September and October). Finally, two maps of soil loss were generated, indicated by botanic marks on the graft union of the vines. 62.5 t ha −1 yr −1 soil loss was registered in the experimental plots of the new vineyards (2 years), while 3.4 t ha −1 yr −1 was recorded in the old one (35 years).

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Section: Frontal Botanic Marks On the Graft Unionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Rainfall and human activity impacts on soil losses and rill erosion in vineyards (Ruwer Valley, Germany)

et al. 2015

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“…When manually planting, the graft union is consistently placed at 2 cm height to allow the vine to avoid complications caused by soil moisture, freezing, and fungi pests. The distance of the graft union to the original soil level has remained constant since the original vine stock does not grow vertically (Brenot et al, 2006;Brenot et al, 2008;Casalí et al, 2009); only the new part corresponding to the new grape variety will grow (Fig. 2a).…”

Section: Stock Unearthing Method: Improvements From Sum To Isummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stock unearthing method (SUM) has been shown to be a reliable method to estimate erosion rates and spatial distribution of the topsoil from pluri-annual to pluri-decennial time scales in vineyards (Brenot et al, 2008;Casalí et al, 2009;Paroissien et al, 2010). This method is similar to a dendro-geomorphological method which is based on the measurement of the distance from the topsoil to the grafted vine stock union.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess changes in soil level, stock unearthing method (SUM) has been a useful method because: i) it is relatively easy to be applied; ii) it generates accurate data which are representative of longterm periods of soil erosion rates; and, iii) it is an easily reproducible tool which can generate the production of a very high actual DEM resolution (cm) without drones or planes. The papers published by Brenot et al (2006Brenot et al ( ,2008, Casalí et al (2009), Paroissien et al (2010, Chevigny et al (2014) and Quiquerez et al (2014) as well as the most recent by Rodrigo-Comino et al (2016b) and Biddoccu et al (2017) have not only provided estimates of soil erosion rates and identified the main factors responsible for intra-plot variability, but have generated new information for the education of the stakeholders about the environmental issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving stock unearthing method to measure soil erosion rates in vineyards

Rodrigo‐Comino

Cerdà

2018

Ecological Indicators

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A B S T R A C TVineyard soils experience high erosion rates compared to soils from other agricultural land uses. The high soil losses in vineyards limits the sustainability of traditional production schemes and warrants comprehensive research aimed at thwarting the main erosion processes affecting vineyard systems. However, long-term measurements, which include spatial variability of soil erosion rates at the plot scale, are uncommon, as most of the measurements have taken place either at the hillslope or watershed scales. Against this background, the stock unearthing method (SUM) can be considered a useful methodology. However, the current method falls short because it assumes that the topography between the vine lines (inter-rows) remains planar. Therefore, we propose a new methodology (ISUM: improved stock unearthing method) that includes three measurements between in the inter-row areas. By taking inter-row measurements, we hypothesized that the spatial patterns of sediment detachment, transport and deposition features in the inter-rows would be detected. The ISUM costs 20% more time to conduct than the SUM, but greatly improved the utility of the field survey. ISUM allowed for: i) the creation of maps that identified linear soil erosion features and accumulation sites; ii) measures the amount of soil accumulated under the vines; iii) estimation of soil erosion rates with higher accuracy at long-term periods in a specific moment. This study compared the ISUM with the SUM in a vineyard in Spain. Soil erosion rates with ISUM were −2.5 Mg ha yr −1 while the SUM calculated rates of +4.9 Mg ha yr −1.Results showed that the traditional method underestimated soil rates a −25.7%. Maps created with the ISUM technique could also be used to provide insights about sediment connectivity.

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“…These include soil and nutrient loss (Ramos and Martinez-Casanovas 2004), long-term productivity loss of degraded soils (Lal 1987;Gunatilake 2000), and a wide range of environmental problems arising from sediment delivery to the drainage network and reservoirs. Soil erosion in vineyards is a particularly favorable context for soil loss as compared to other agricultural lands (Le Bissonnais et al 2001;Brenot et al 2008). This irreversible soil degradation may cause major environmental and economic damage (Pimentel 1995).…”

Section: Increase Of Soil Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis in viticulture: a review

Trouvelot

Bonneau

Redecker

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

162

114

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Viticulture is a major worldwide economic sector with a vine area of 7.52 million ha, wine production of 288 Mhl, and wine exports of 26 billion euros. Nevertheless, viticulture has to adapt to new challenges of pest management, such as pesticide reduction, and climate change, such as increasing droughts. Viticulture adaptation can benefit from arbuscular mycorrhiza, a plant-fungus symbiosis. Here, we review the ecosystemic services of arbuscular mycorrhiza for grapevine production. The major points are the following: (1) arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi increase grapevine growth and nutrition by a better access to soil nutrients and by activating the regulation of plant transport proteins for phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and other elements. (2) Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi increase the tolerance to abiotic stresses such as water stress, soil salinity, iron chlorosis, and heavy metal toxicity. (3) Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi protect against biotic stresses such as root diseases. (4) Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi produce glycoproteins and a dense hyphal network that increases soil stability and save soil nutrients up to 14 % of the grape production income. (5) P fertilisation reduces mycorhization. (6) Using herbaceous plants as cover crops favors arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi.

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Erosion rates and sediment budgets in vineyards at 1-m resolution based on stock unearthing (Burgundy, France)

Cited by 58 publications

References 32 publications

Rainfall and human activity impacts on soil losses and rill erosion in vineyards (Ruwer Valley, Germany)

Rainfall and human activity impacts on soil losses and rill erosion in vineyards (Ruwer Valley, Germany)

Improving stock unearthing method to measure soil erosion rates in vineyards

Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis in viticulture: a review

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