symbiosomes (perialgal vacuoles) of different protozoans, and transfer a significant amount of their photosynthetically fixed carbon (e.g., maltose, fructose) to their non-photosynthetic partners [7,18,31]. In this context, symbiotic Chlorella spp. still require nutrients such as nitrogen, which they obtain from the host and then assimilate into the algal metabolome [33,50]. The mechanisms involved in these interactions have not been completely elucidated; however, the metabolic pathways involved in nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) utilization could be crucial physiological signatures of the endosymbiotic existence [32]. Therefore, elucidating how such processes work would open new avenues of research in the understanding of the molecular, cellular, and organismal adaptations that allow successful mutualism.