Erratum: Electromagnetically induced left-handedness in a dense gas of three-level atoms [Phys. Rev. A<b>70</b>, 053806 (2004)]

Oktel, M. Ö.; Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E.

doi:10.1103/physreva.72.019903

Cited by 39 publications

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“…The transition dipole matrix elements are related to the radiative decay rates via d 34 (µ 21 /c) = 3πε 0 γ 3 (γ 2 ) c 3 /ω 3 for a typical optical wavelength of 600nm. We find substantial negative refraction and minimal absorption for this density, which is about a factor of 10 2 smaller than the density needed without taking chirality into account [16]. It should also be noted that the magnetic permeability differs by less than 10% from unity for the density considered here.…”

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confidence: 75%

“…For such schemes it is well known that there is destructive interference for the absorption and constructive interference for the dispersive cross-coupling between the |1 −|3 and |1 − |2 transitions in the limit γ 2 ≪ γ 3 and if the transition |1 − |2 is two-photon resonant with the probe field E and the coupling field Ω c [10]. A similar set-up has been discussed recently by Oktel and Müstecaplioglu [16] for the purpose of generating negative refraction by means of a large negative permeability µ. However, they did not examine induced chirality and its effect on the index of refraction, which as we show below, is the most important contribution.…”

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confidence: 92%

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Tunable Negative Refraction without Absorption via Electromagnetically Induced Chirality

et al. 2007

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We show that negative refraction with minimal absorption can be obtained by means of quantum interference effects similar to electromagnetically induced transparency. Coupling a magnetic dipole transition coherently with an electric dipole transition leads to electromagnetically induced chirality, which can provide negative refraction without requiring negative permeability, and also suppresses absorption. This technique allows negative refraction in the optical regime at densities where the magnetic susceptibility is still small and with refraction/absorption ratios that are orders of magnitude larger than those achievable previously. Furthermore, the value of the refractive index can be fine-tuned via external laser fields, which is essential for practical realization of sub-diffraction-limit imaging. PACS numbers:Negative refraction of electromagnetic radiation [1] is currently a very active area of research, driven by goals such as the development of a "perfect lens" in which imaging resolution is not limited by electromagnetic wavelength [2]. Despite remarkable recent progress in demonstrating negative refraction using technologies such as meta-materials [3,4,5,6] and photonic crystals [7,8,9], a key challenge remains the realization of negative refraction without absorption which is particularly important in the optical regime. Here we propose a promising new approach to this problem: the use of quantum interference effects similar to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [10] to suppress absorption and induce chirality [11] in an ensemble of radiators (atoms, molecules, quantum dots, excitons, etc.).Early proposals for negative refraction required media with both negative permittivity and permeability (ε, µ < 0) in the frequency range of interest. In the optical regime, however, it is difficult to realize negative permeability with low loss, since typical transition magnetic dipole moments (µ a ) are smaller than transition electric dipole moments (d a ) by a factor of the order of the fine structure constant α ∼ 1 137 . As a consequence the magnitude of magnetic susceptibilities χ m are much smaller than that of electric susceptibilities χ e :2 |χ e | ∼ (1/137) 2 |χ e |, where ε = 1 + χ e and µ = 1 + χ m . Recently, Pendry suggested an elegant way to alleviate this problem [13] by using a chiral medium, i.e., a medium in which the electric polarization P is coupled to the free-space magnetic field component H of an incident optical-frequency electromagnetic wave and the magnetization M is coupled to the electric field component E:Here ξ EH and ξ HE are the chirality coefficients, which in general can be complex. These terms lead to additional contributions to the refractive indexAs Pendry noted, such a chiral medium allows n < 0 without requiring negative permeability if there is a positive imaginary part of (ξ EH − ξ HE ) of sufficiently large magnitude. For example, choosing the phases of the complex chirality coefficients such that ξ EH = −ξ HE = iξ, with ξ, ε, µ > 0, the index of refraction ...

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confidence: 92%

Tunable Negative Refraction without Absorption via Electromagnetically Induced Chirality

et al. 2007

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“…More recently, exotic properties such as left-handed electromagnetic responses have been theoretically proposed using dense homogenous atomic vapors with number density N 0 ∼ 10 23 m −3 or higher [17][18][19][20][21]. However, because quantum interference is fragile, the performance of thermal atomic vapors is severely affected by collisional dephasing and Doppler broadening.…”

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confidence: 99%

Coherence-Driven Topological Transition in Quantum Metamaterials

et al. 2016

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We introduce and theoretically demonstrate a quantum metamaterial made of dense ultracold neutral atoms loaded into an inherently defect-free artificial crystal of light, immune to well-known critical challenges inevitable in conventional solid-state platforms. We demonstrate an all-optical control on ultrafast time scales over the photonic topological transition of the isofrequency contour from an open to close topology at the same frequency. This atomic lattice quantum metamaterial enables a dynamic manipulation of the decay rate branching ratio of a probe quantum emitter by more than an order of magnitude. This proposal may lead to practically lossless, tunable and topologically-reconfigurable quantum metamaterials, for single or few-photon-level applications as varied as quantum sensing, quantum information processing, and quantum simulations using metamaterials.

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“…× − C · m s − [16], respectively. The density of atom N was chosen to be × m − [21]. And the other parameters are scaled by γ = s − : Γ = .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the distinction between the applied elds and the microscopic local elds acting upon the atoms when discussing the detailed properties of the atomic transitions between the levels relating to the electric and magnetic susceptibilities, there is little di erence between the macroscopic elds and the local elds [18,21] in the dilute vapour case. However, the polarization of neighbouring atoms gives rise to an internal eld at any given atom in addition to the average macroscopic eld.…”

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confidence: 99%

2-D isotropic negative refractive index in a N-type four-level atomic system

Zhao

2015

Open Physics

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2-D(Two-dimensional) isotropic negative refractive index (NRI) is explicitly realized via the orthogonal signal and coupling standing-wave elds coupling the Ntype four-level atomic system. Under some key parameters of the dense vapour media, the atomic system exhibits isotropic NRI with simultaneous negative permittivity and permeability (i.e. left-handedness) in the 2-D x-y plane. Compared with other 2-D NRI schemes, the coherent atomic vapour media in our scheme may be an ideal 2-D isotropic NRI candidate and has some potential advantages, signi cance or applications in the further investigation.

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Erratum: Electromagnetically induced left-handedness in a dense gas of three-level atoms [Phys. Rev. A70, 053806 (2004)]

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Tunable Negative Refraction without Absorption via Electromagnetically Induced Chirality

Tunable Negative Refraction without Absorption via Electromagnetically Induced Chirality

Coherence-Driven Topological Transition in Quantum Metamaterials

2-D isotropic negative refractive index in a N-type four-level atomic system

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