Erratum: Quantitative measurement of blood-brain barrier permeability in human using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with fast T ₁ mapping

Abstract

GA. Quantitative measurement of blood brain barrier permeability in human using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with fast T 1 mapping. Magn Reson Med 2011;65:1036-1042 In the published article:A) Figure 4 should be replaced with the following one and the new legend should be:As result of changes in Figure 4 the following sentences need to be corrected: 1) In the Abstract, ''MRI measurements correlated strongly with levels of cerebrospinal fluid albumin in those subjects undergoing lumbar punctures.'' should be replaced with ''MRI measurements were not correlated with levels of cerebrospinal fluid albumin in those subjects undergoing lumbar punctures.''. 2) Last sentence of the RESULTS Section, ''There was a significant correlation...... (P<.. r2¼..)'', should be replaced with ''There was not a significant correlation.'', and 3) The changes in the graph of Figure 4 necessitated changes in the fifth paragraph in the DISCUSSION Section.The new paragraph should now read with the changes in the text shown in BOLD:''We compared DCEMRI permeability changes with CSF albumin index, which is elevated when the BBB is disrupted and did not find a significant correlation between DCEMRI-determined Ki and the albumin index in patients with WM hyperintensities. Albumin is a large protein that is produced in the liver and normally found in low concentrations in the CSF. Abnormalities in the BBB result in higher amounts of albumin in the CSF. An important caveat in the comparison of the current DCEMRI results and CSF albumin levels, therefore, is that the permeability measurement was made in the WM while CSF albumin could come from blood vessels in the WM, gray matter, or choroid plexus, which may explain the lack of correlation. However, when measured independently both albumin and Ki were significantly increased over the respective controls (data not shown).'' B) Units of permeability are ml/g-min.FIG. 4. Scatter plot and regression fit of the albumin ratio, Q alb , versus the mean abnormal white matter K i .

Long-Term Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Changes in Binswanger Disease

“…12 The T1 images, the FLAIR image and the permeability maps from each visit were spatially registered to the FLAIR image of the first visit for evaluating longitudinal changes. Permeability was calculated only within WMH and the normally appearing white matter (NAWM) regions.…”

Consensus statement for diagnosis of subcortical small vessel disease

“…68,95,96 Quantitative transfer constants for BBB permeability can be obtained with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCEMRI), using the Graphical Method of Patlak, originally developed for calculation of transfer constants with isotopes and autoradiography, and adapted to human studies with MRI. 96,97,98 Increased BBB permeability can be seen in regions of lacunar infarcts and in the deep white matter.…”

“…68,95,96 Quantitative transfer constants for BBB permeability can be obtained with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCEMRI), using the Graphical Method of Patlak, originally developed for calculation of transfer constants with isotopes and autoradiography, and adapted to human studies with MRI. 96,97,98 Increased BBB permeability can be seen in regions of lacunar infarcts and in the deep white matter. 64,65,67 In addition to numerical transfer constants, interesting patterns of increased permeability can be seen by the construction of permeability maps, which provide insight into the pathologic changes underlying the increases in permeability.…”

Traumatic Brain Injury Biomarkers, Simulations and Kinetics

“…Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imagining (DCEMRI) has been found to quantify BBB permeability using fast T 1 mapping to measure the leakage of contrast agent Gadolinium diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA) from plasma into brain. This method is sensitive enough to measure subtle differences in BBB permeability [ 104 ].…”

“…The pathways taken by biomarkers to enter the bloodstream or traverse the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are not fully understood. Though there are many preliminary investigations, there is no definitive accounting for any biomarker’s pathway the brain to the bloodstream or optimal sampling times after a TBI [ 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 ]. We know the BBB is disrupted in moderate and severe TBIs (about 50% of TBIs) [ 119 ], but may not be routinely disrupted in mild TBIs, which means there must be more than one route for biomarkers to enter the circulatory system post-TBI.…”