Erratum: Small-bandgap endohedral metallofullerenes in high yield and purity

Stevenson, Steven; Rice, Gary; Glass, Thomas E.; Harich, Kim; Cromer, Frank; Jordan, Michael R.; Craft, J.; Hadju, E.; Bible, Roy H.; Olmstead, M. M.; Maitra, Kalyani; Fisher, A. J.; Balch, Alan L.; Dorn, Harry C.

doi:10.1038/47282

Cited by 22 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In 1999, the first metal nitride clusterfullerene Sc 3 N@C 80 was discovered by introducing a small portion of nitrogen gas into the arc-discharge chamber, and then many metal nitride clusterfullerenes (NCFs, M 3 N@C 2n ) have been synthesized though this kind of "trimetallic nitride template" (TNT) [1]. NCFs are valuable molecular materials for extensive applications such as molecular electronics [2], biomedical imaging [3], and photovoltaic devices [4] due to their unique nesting structures and varied electronic prop-erties [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zirconium nitride as a highly efficient nitrogen source to synthesize the metal nitride clusterfullerenes

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Sci. China Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metal nitride clusterfullerenes (NCFs) have significant applications in molecular electronics, biomedical imaging, and nonlinear optical devices due to their unique structures. However, their wide applications are limited by the production quantity. In this work, the yields of metal nitride clusterfullerenes M 3 N@C 80 (M=Y, Sc, Gd) were greatly enhanced by utilizing zirconium nitride (ZrN) as an efficient nitrogen source for the arc-discharge method. Compared with the traditional synthetic route using N 2 gas as nitrogen source, the ZrN inside graphite tube can be vaporized simultaneously with metal and graphite, and then afford the high concentration of nitrogen atoms in the arc region, which will promote the formation of metal nitride clusterfullerenes finally. The ZrN can promote the yields of Y 3 N@C 80 , Sc 3 N@C 80 and Gd 3 N@C 80 , revealing the universal applicability of ZrN as a highly efficient nitrogen source. Specifically, the yield of Sc 3 N@C 80 was greatly improved when adding ZrN, and it shows over double yield compared to traditional synthetic route using N 2 gas. In addition, ZrN can also enhance the yields of paramagnetic azametallofullerene M 2 @C 79 N due to the high concentration of nitrogen atoms in the arc region. This new method enhances the production quantity of metal nitride clusterfullerenes and azametallofullerenes, and it will greatly promote the research and application of these molecular carbon materials. metal nitride clusterfullerenes, zirconium nitride, nitrogen source, high yield, arc-discharge method

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zirconium nitride as a highly efficient nitrogen source to synthesize the metal nitride clusterfullerenes

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Sci. China Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The understanding of the stability of this new form of carbon quickly progressed, where Hückel calculations for the empty fullerenes revealed the symmetries of closed shell or open shell icosahedral clusters such as C 60 or C 80 [5]. However, it took 15 more years until Stevenson et al found a particularly stable form of C 80 endofullerenes [6]. As predicted [7], C 80 gets stable if the six-electron rule is obeyed, i.e., if six electrons are added into the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of C 80 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that also rare-earth ions with an open 4f shell may be packed into C 80 [6] triggered the idea of using these molecules as fluorescence centers [10], or as single molecule magnets, which was addressed in Tb 3 N@C 80 and Ho 3 N@C 80 [11]. It took some more years until the first C 80 singlemolecule magnet DySc 2 N@C 80 was discovered with the help of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism that relies on many orders of magnitude less material than is needed for state-ofthe-art magnetometry with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular dichroism and angular deviation in x-ray absorption spectra of Dy2ScN@C80 single-molecule magnets on h−BN/
Greber
¹
,
Seitsonen
²
,
Hemmi
³

et al. 2019
Phys. Rev. Materials
13
0
8
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endohedral fullerenes, such as Dy 2 ScN@C 80 , are single-molecule magnets with long relaxation times of their magnetization. An open and anisotropic 4f electron shell in the lanthanides (here Dy) imposes a magnetic moment that maintains its orientation at liquid-helium temperatures for macroscopic times. If these molecules shall be used as single-bit information storage elements or for quantum operations, the orientation of the endohedral units and the orientation of the magnetic moments has to be controlled. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD)-with variation of the angle of x-ray incidenceallows for the detection of these two structural elements. We present XMCD data of Dy 2 ScN@C 80 on an h-BN/Rh(111) nanomesh that display at 2 K a large hysteresis with a coercive field of 0.4 T. The angular dependence of the XAS data at the Dy M 5 edge indicates partial ordering of the endohedral units. In order to quantify anisotropic orientation we introduce the "deviation" D as an operational quantity that measures differences between two spectra.

show abstract

“…These nanoplatforms exhibit 10–40 times higher 1 H relaxivity ( r 1 ) than most commercial contrast agents . The discovery of the trimetallic nitride template metallofullerene (TNT‐EMF) family, A 3–x B x N@ I h ‐C 80 , (x = 0–3, A, B = metal), provides a nanoplatform where more than one metal can be encapsulated in the fullerene cage . Another key structural feature of this family is the icosahedral I h cage, which is stabilized by transfer of six electrons from the trimetallic cluster (A 3 N) 6+ to the fullerene cage (C 80 ) 6− .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical Applications of Metal‐Encapsulated Fullerene Nanoparticles

Dorn

2016

Small

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The carbonaceous nanomaterials known as metallofullerenes have attracted considerable attention due to their attractive properties. The robust nature of the "Trojan Horse" fullerene cage provides an important structural component, which isolates the metal cluster from the bioenvironment. The large carbon surface area is ideally suited for multiple exo-functionalization approaches to modify the hydrophobic cage for a more hydrophilic bioenvironment. Additionally, peptides and other agents are readily covalently attached to this nanoprobe for targeting applications. The recent progress in developing metallofullerenes for next-generation biomedical applications is described. Of special interest are magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Several recent studies reported cumulative gadolinium deposition in the brain and bones of individuals using commercial clinical MRI contrast agents. Gadolinium-based metallofullerenes provide 2-3 orders of magnitude improvement in MRI relaxivity and potentially lower clinical levels of toxic Gd ions deposited. Other potential biomedical applications are also reviewed herein.

show abstract

Erratum: Small-bandgap endohedral metallofullerenes in high yield and purity

Cited by 22 publications

References 2 publications

Zirconium nitride as a highly efficient nitrogen source to synthesize the metal nitride clusterfullerenes

Zirconium nitride as a highly efficient nitrogen source to synthesize the metal nitride clusterfullerenes

Circular dichroism and angular deviation in x-ray absorption spectra of Dy2ScN@C80 single-molecule magnets on h−BN/
Greber
¹
,
Seitsonen
²
,
Hemmi
³

et al. 2019
Phys. Rev. Materials
13
0
8
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biomedical Applications of Metal‐Encapsulated Fullerene Nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Erratum: Small-bandgap endohedral metallofullerenes in high yield and purity

Cited by 22 publications

References 2 publications

Zirconium nitride as a highly efficient nitrogen source to synthesize the metal nitride clusterfullerenes

Zirconium nitride as a highly efficient nitrogen source to synthesize the metal nitride clusterfullerenes

Circular dichroism and angular deviation in x-ray absorption spectra of Dy2ScN@C80 single-molecule magnets on h−BN/Greber1, Seitsonen2, Hemmi3 et al. 2019Phys. Rev. Materials13080View full textAdd to dashboardCite

Biomedical Applications of Metal‐Encapsulated Fullerene Nanoparticles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Circular dichroism and angular deviation in x-ray absorption spectra of Dy2ScN@C80 single-molecule magnets on h−BN/
Greber
¹
,
Seitsonen
²
,
Hemmi
³

et al. 2019
Phys. Rev. Materials
13
0
8
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite