“…Fractional-order nonlinear systems (FONSs) established by fractional calculus can present the physical systems accurately for lots of different areas such as infectious diseases [1,2], image processing [3,4], secret communication [5,6], circuit [7,8], vehicle engineering [9,10], etc. Furthermore, many controller design problem for FONSs have been researched, in which the adaptive technique as a very powerful tool have been investigated by combining with backstepping mechanism to deal with the uncertainties in FONSs [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”