Error in the description of foot kinematics due to violation of rigid body assumptions

Nester, Christopher; Liu, A.M.; Ward, Erin; Howard, David; Cocheba, J; Derrick, Timothy R.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.10.027

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Further strengths compared to previous work include the use of valid foot posture classification measures based on normative data and the use of a multi-segment foot model that seeks to minimise violation of the rigid body assumption and demonstrates motion of functional foot segments that were identified in invasive bone pin and cadaver research [11,18]. The findings indicate that cavus feet have a distinct pattern of motion compared to both normal and planus feet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A five segment foot model and marker set [16] was used as it has been found to most effectively fulfil the rigid body assumption [11]. Marker locations are displayed in Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of this study was to investigate foot kinematics during gait in people with a normal, cavus or planus foot posture, using validated foot classification methods to classify foot posture and a multi-segment foot modelling technique that adequately addresses the rigid body assumption [11]. Doing so will help us understand the typical motion associated with foot posture and the underlying mechanisms that may be responsible for lower limb overuse injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foot posture is associated with kinematics of the foot during gait: A comparison of normal, planus and cavus feet

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A five segment foot model and marker set [16] was used as it has been found to most effectively fulfil the rigid body assumption [11]. Marker locations are displayed in Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foot posture is associated with kinematics of the foot during gait: A comparison of normal, planus and cavus feet

et al. 2015

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“…However, the literature suggests that this assumption is not always valid. The kinematic behaviour of the foot might need three segments: hind-, mid-and fore-foot [29]. An error of marker cluster placement is expected if a significant amount of movement between hind-and mid-foot occurs, which is probably the case in the role-off dynamics of the foot during stance.…”

Section: Kinematicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the instrumented force shoe on gait pattern in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

Noort

Esch

Steultjens

et al. 2011

Med Biol Eng Comput

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Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is associated with alterations in gait. As an alternative to force plates, instrumented force shoes (IFSs) can be used to measure ground reaction forces. This study evaluated the influence of IFS on gait pattern in patients with knee OA. Twenty patients with knee OA walked in a gait laboratory on IFS and control shoes (CSs). An optoelectronic system and force plate were used to perform 3D gait analyses. A comparison of temporalspatial gait parameters, kinematics, and kinetics was made between IFS and CS. Patients wearing IFS showed a decrease in walking velocity and cadence (8%), unchanged stride length, an increase in stance time (13%), stride time (11%) and step width (14%). No differences were found in knee adduction moment or knee kinematics. Small differences were found in foot and ankle kinematics (2-5°), knee transverse moments (5%), ankle frontal (3%) and sagittal moments (1%) and ground reaction force (1-6%). The gait of patients with knee OA was only mildly influenced by the IFS, due to increased shoe height and weight and a change in sole stiffness. The changes were small compared to normal variation and clinically relevant differences. Importantly, in OA patients no effect was found on the knee adduction moment.

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“…Previously reported bone pin studies show the distinction between the movements of the skin markers and the bones [33]. This distinction has two causes: soft tissue movement [34] and the rigid body violation [35]. The latter point is solved by introducing a 26 segment model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of subject-specific, dynamic, multisegment ankle and foot models to improve orthotic design: a feasibility study

Oosterwaal

Telfer

Tørholm

et al. 2011

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundCurrently, custom foot and ankle orthosis prescription and design tend to be based on traditional techniques, which can result in devices which vary greatly between clinicians and repeat prescription. The use of computational models of the foot may give further insight in the biomechanical effects of these devices and allow a more standardised approach to be taken to their design, however due to the complexity of the foot the models must be highly detailed and dynamic.Methods/DesignFunctional and anatomical datasets will be collected in a multicentre study from 10 healthy participants and 15 patients requiring orthotic devices. The patient group will include individuals with metarsalgia, flexible flat foot and drop foot.Each participant will undergo a clinical foot function assessment, 3D surface scans of the foot under different loading conditions, and detailed gait analysis including kinematic, kinetic, muscle activity and plantar pressure measurements in both barefoot and shod conditions. Following this each participant will undergo computed tomography (CT) imaging of their foot and ankle under a range of loads and positions while plantar pressures are recorded. A further subgroup of participants will undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the foot and ankle.Imaging data will be segmented to derive the geometry of the bones and the orientation of the joint axes. Insertion points of muscles and ligaments will be determined from the MRI and CT-scans and soft tissue material properties computed from the loaded CT data in combination with the plantar pressure measurements. Gait analysis data will be used to drive the models and in combination with the 3D surface scans for scaling purposes. Predicted plantar pressures and muscle activation patterns predicted from the models will be compared to determine the validity of the models.DiscussionThis protocol will lead to the generation of unique datasets which will be used to develop linked inverse dynamic and forward dynamic biomechanical foot models. These models may be beneficial in predicting the effect of and thus improving the efficacy of orthotic devices for the foot and ankle.

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Error in the description of foot kinematics due to violation of rigid body assumptions

Cited by 46 publications

References 16 publications

Foot posture is associated with kinematics of the foot during gait: A comparison of normal, planus and cavus feet

Foot posture is associated with kinematics of the foot during gait: A comparison of normal, planus and cavus feet

Influence of the instrumented force shoe on gait pattern in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee

Generation of subject-specific, dynamic, multisegment ankle and foot models to improve orthotic design: a feasibility study

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