Error propagation by the Monte Carlo method in geochemical calculations

Anderson, G. M.

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(76)90092-2

Cited by 168 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These procedures introduced a wide range of potential error sources into the CH 4 content measurements. Thus, the uncertainties in the total CH 4 content were determined by Monte Carlo simulations assuming uniform uncertainty distributions for all parameters including measurement uncertainty, head space volume, sample volume, ambient temperature, and pressure (e.g., Anderson, 1976).…”

Section: Sampling Methane Concentrations In Lake Icementioning

confidence: 99%

Frozen ponds: production and storage of methane during the Arctic winter in a lowland tundra landscape in northern Siberia, Lena River delta

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Lakes and ponds play a key role in the carbon cycle of permafrost ecosystems, where they are considered to be hotspots of carbon dioxide CO 2 and methane CH 4 emission. The strength of these emissions is, however, controlled by a variety of physical and biogeochemical processes whose responses to a warming climate are complex and only poorly understood. Small waterbodies have been attracting an increasing amount of attention since recent studies demonstrated that ponds can make a significant contribution to the CO 2 and CH 4 emissions of tundra ecosystems. Waterbodies also have a marked effect on the thermal state of the surrounding permafrost; during the freezing period they prolong the period of time during which thawed soil material is available for microbial decomposition.This study presents net CH 4 production rates during the freezing period from ponds within a typical lowland tundra landscape in northern Siberia. Rate estimations were based on CH 4 concentrations measured in surface lake ice from a variety of waterbody types. Vertical profiles along ice blocks showed an exponential increase in CH 4 concentration with depth. These CH 4 profiles were reproduced by a 1-D mass balance model and the net CH 4 production rates were then inferred through inverse modeling.Results revealed marked differences in early winter net CH 4 production among various ponds. Ponds situated within intact polygonal ground structures yielded low net production rates, of the order of 10 −11 to 10 −10 mol m −2 s −1 (0.01 to 0.14 mg CH 4 m −2 day −1 ). In contrast, ponds exhibiting clear signs of erosion yielded net CH 4 production rates of the order of 10 −7 mol m −2 s −1 (140 mg CH 4 m −2 day −1 ). Our results therefore indicate that once a particular threshold in thermal erosion has been crossed, ponds can develop into major CH 4 sources. This implies that any future warming of the climate may result in nonlinear CH 4 emission behavior in tundra ecosystems.

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Section: Sampling Methane Concentrations In Lake Icementioning

confidence: 99%

Frozen ponds: production and storage of methane during the Arctic winter in a lowland tundra landscape in northern Siberia, Lena River delta

et al. 2015

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“…Calcification rates were determined using the slope of the normalized amount of carbonate precipitated. The errors for alkalinity measurements and buoyant weights were propagated using the Monte Carlo method to determine the total standard deviation of calcification rates (~4.5 % RSD; Anderson, 1976 Carbonate dissociation constants used in the calculation were from Mehrbach et al (1973) refitted by Dickson and Millero (1987). Throughout the experiment, corals were kept on a 12hr/12hr light/dark cycle (average light intensity of 257 ± 39 µmol m -2 sec -1 ) and fed a mixture of 100-150 µm and <100 µm larval AP100 diet (Ziegler) twice weekly.…”

Section: Supplementarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium isotopes in scleractinian fossil corals since the Mesozoic: Implications for vital effects and biomineralization through time

Gothmann

Bender

Blättler

et al. 2016

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…These estimations (Table 3) were an upper limit since the other DFe fluxes (advection and diffusion) were not taken into account. Errors were estimated by a Monte Carlo routine (Anderson, 1976). Residence times ranged from 1778 (21.1-16.1 N) to 28716 d (15.9-10.6 N).…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric iron deposition and sea-surface dissolved iron concentrations in the eastern Atlantic Ocean

Sarthou¹,

Baker²,

Blain³

et al. 2003

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

184

145

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Atmospheric iron and underway sea-surface dissolved (o0.2 mm) iron (DFe) concentrations were investigated along a north-south transect in the eastern Atlantic Ocean (27 N/16 W-19 S/5 E). Fe concentrations in aerosols and dry deposition fluxes of soluble Fe were at least two orders of magnitude higher in the Saharan dust plume than at the equator or at the extreme south of the transect. A weaker source of atmospheric Fe was also observed in the South Atlantic, possibly originating in southern Africa via the north-easterly outflow of the Angolan plume. Estimations of total atmospheric deposition fluxes (dry plus wet) of soluble Fe suggested that wet deposition dominated in the intertropical convergence zone, due to the very high amount of precipitation and to the fact that a substantial part of Fe was delivered in dissolved form. On the other hand, dry deposition dominated in the other regions of the transect (73-97%), where rainfall rates were much lower. Underway sea-surface DFe concentrations ranged 0.02-1.1 nM. Such low values (0.02 nM) are reported for the first time in the Atlantic Ocean and may be (co)-limiting for primary production. A significant correlation (Spearman's rho=0.862, po0:01) was observed between mean DFe concentrations and total atmospheric deposition fluxes, confirming the importance of atmospheric deposition on the iron cycle in the Atlantic. Residence time of DFe in the surface waters relative to atmospheric inputs were estimated in the northern part of our study area (1778 to 28716 d). These values confirmed the rapid removal of Fe from the surface waters, possibly by colloidal aggregation. r

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Error propagation by the Monte Carlo method in geochemical calculations

Cited by 168 publications

References 9 publications

Frozen ponds: production and storage of methane during the Arctic winter in a lowland tundra landscape in northern Siberia, Lena River delta

Frozen ponds: production and storage of methane during the Arctic winter in a lowland tundra landscape in northern Siberia, Lena River delta

Calcium isotopes in scleractinian fossil corals since the Mesozoic: Implications for vital effects and biomineralization through time

Atmospheric iron deposition and sea-surface dissolved iron concentrations in the eastern Atlantic Ocean

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