Erucic acid production using porcine pancreas lipase: Enhancement by mixed surfactants

Abstract

Application of mixed surfactants coupled with statistical optimization in lipase catalyzed oil hydrolysis is presented for the first time in this study. Selective hydrolysis of brown mustard oil to erucic acid by porcine pancreas lipase was enhanced by mixed surfactants comprising of an oil-soluble nonionic surfactant (Span 80) and a watersoluble nonionic surfactant (Tween 80). The production of erucic acid was maximized using statistically designed experiments and subsequent analysis of their result by response surface methodology. The most significant variables were enzyme concentration and concentration of Tween 80. Small changes in pH and concentration of Span 80 also produced a significant change in the production of erucic acid. Temperature and speed of agitation were insignificant variables and were fixed at 35ºC and 900 rpm, respectively. Under these conditions, the optimal combination of other variables were pH 9.65, 2.13 mg/g enzyme in oil, 9.8 × 10 −3 M Span 80 (in oil), and 4 × 10 −3 M Tween 80 (in buffer). These conditions led to formation of 99.69% of the total erucic acid in 1.25 h. Interaction of enzyme concentration with pH significantly affected erucic acid production.

Lipase Catalysis in Mixed Micelles

“…The addition of Tween 80 to the reaction mixture containing Span 80 increased the concentration of water in the reaction zone. Polyoxyethylene shell of Tween 80 increased substrate solubilization also [31]. Besides, detrimental effects of non- ionic/nonionic mixed micelles were also noted.…”

“…A mixed surfactant system consisting of low concentrations of Span 80 and Tween 80 notably augmented the production of erucic acid during PPL-catalyzed brown mustard oil hydrolysis. The mixed surfactant system led to a slightly better yield while reducing the reaction time by 80 % when compared to a system containing aqueous (buffer) medium [31]. The concentrations of lipase and Tween 80 had the most significant impacts on the catalytic ability of lipase.…”

Production of special lipids by enzymatic interesterification of Amazonian oils and influence on the biological activity = Produção de lipídios especiais por interesterificação enzimática de óleos da Amazônia e influência na atividade biológica

“…Proton -decoupled 13 C NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) was used to analyze the positional distribution of classes of fatty acids on the triacylglycerol (TAG) backbone.…”

“…Lipid samples were dissolved in deuterated chloroform in NMR tubes, and NMR spectra were recorded on a Burker Advance DPX spectrometer operating at 300 MHz. The determination of 13 C was performed at a frequency of 75.8 MHz, with a 5 mm multinuclear probe operating at 30°C (Vlahov, 1998).…”

“…The hydrolysis of oils is the natural function of lipases. It is therefore possible to utilize lipases to produce special glycerides or free fatty acids that have many different applications, such as the production of docosahexanoic and erucic acids-enrichments [13,14,15]. In some cases, glyceride alcoholysis or transesterification, which involves the replacement of water by an alcohol to form the corresponding ester, can occur.…”