Eruption at Le Piton de la Fournaise volcano on 3 February 1981

Bachèlery, Patrick; Blum, P.; Cheminée, J. L.; Chevallier, L.; Gaulon, R.; Girardin, N.; Jaupart, Claude; Lalanne, Franck; Mouël, Jean‐Louis Le; Ruegg, Jean; Vincent, Pierre

doi:10.1038/297395a0

Cited by 35 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…(McDougall, 1971), indicating an eruption rate of 0.04 kmVyr. This is somewhat higher than the estimate by Bachelery et al (1982) of the current Reunion magma production rate (i.e., 0.01 km 3 / yr). Eruption rates for intervening locations along the hotspot track are more problematic, given the uncertainties in the proportions of volcanic to carbonate platform making up the ridges, and the magnitude of erosion and subsidence.…”

Section: Temporal Variations In Reunion Mantle Plume Magmascontrasting

confidence: 48%

Isotope Geochemistry of Leg 115 Basalts and Inferences on the History of the Réunion Mantle Plume

White¹,

Cheatham²,

Duncan³

1990

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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Strontium, neodymium, and lead isotope ratios are reported for 13 Leg 115 basalts as well as 3 basalts from Texaco drill hole SM-1 on the Mascarene Plateau. Pb ratios, typical of Indian Ocean mid-ocean ridge (MORB) and oceanic-island basalts (OIB). Isotopic compositions of Leg 115 basalts generally fall between fields for MORB and Reunion Island basalts, consistent with the conclusion drawn from geochronological studies that Deccan flood basalt volcanism, the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge, and the Mascarene Plateau are all products of the Reunion mantle plume. Isotopic compositions of magmas produced by this plume have varied systematically with time in the direction of less "depleted," less MORB-like isotopic signatures. This compositional change has been accompanied by a decrease in eruption rate. We interpret Deccan volcanism as the voluminous beginning of the plume. Reduced entrainment of asthenosphere following melting of the plume head resulted in less MORB-like isotope ratios in magmas and a decrease in eruptive activity with time.

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Section: Temporal Variations In Reunion Mantle Plume Magmascontrasting

confidence: 48%

Isotope Geochemistry of Leg 115 Basalts and Inferences on the History of the Réunion Mantle Plume

White¹,

Cheatham²,

Duncan³

1990

Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program

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“…This volcanic chain ends with the two young islands of Mauritus and Reunion. The PF recent activity is effusive in style with 0.3 m3/sec magma output rate as estimated over the past sixty years [Bachelery, 1981] Because the PF volcano is considered as an isolated geological object relative to the plate boundary dynamics, we explore the departures from basic statistical distributions of volcanic observables in order to extract constraints on the PF volcano mechanics. Such departures have a theoretical basis when considering the PF dynamics as a self-organized critical system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical organization as a diagnostic approach to volcano mechanics: Validation on Piton de la Fournaise

Grasso¹,

Bachèlery

1995

Geophysical Research Letters

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Self‐organized systems are often used to describe natural phenomena where power laws and scale invariant geometry are observed. The Piton de la Fournaise volcano shows power‐law behavior in many aspects. These include the temporal distribution of eruptions, the frequency‐size distributions of induced earthquakes, dikes, fissures, lava flows and interflow periods, all evidence of self‐similarity over a finite scale range. We show that the bounds to scale‐invariance can be used to derive geomechanical constraints on both the volcano structure and the volcano mechanics. We ascertain that the present magma bodies are multi‐lens reservoirs in a quasi‐eruptive condition, i.e. a marginally critical state. The scaling organization of dynamic fluid‐induced observables on the volcano, such as fluid induced earthquakes, dikes and surface fissures, appears to be controlled by underlying static hierarchical structure (geology) similar to that proposed for fluid circulations in human physiology. The emergence of saturation lengths for the scalable volcanic observable argues for the finite scalability of complex naturally self‐organized critical systems, including volcano dynamics.

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“…a -Least-squares regression between the volume CV of the cinder cone and its footprint A co , determined from 231 cones distributed on the massif of Piton de la Fournaise. b -Correlation between the volume of a cinder cone and that of the associated lava flow, based on 241 data from: Red dots are for Piton de la Fournaise Gérente, 1977a and1977b;Bachèlery et al, 1982;Lénat et al, 1989;Roult et al, 2012), yellow diamonds for Etna (Wadge, 1977;Neri et al, 2011), green squares for the Auckland volcanic province (Kereszturi et al, 2013b), and blue triangles are for the Michoácan-Guanajuato volcanic field (Guilbaud et al, 2012). consider in this work the clusters of earthquakes and do not interpret the widely scattered events (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Piton De La Fournaisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). Bulk volume estimates for recent lava flows Gérente, 1977a, 1977b;Bachèlery et al, 1982;Lénat et al, 1989;Roult et al, 2012) were correlated to the cone's volumes determined from the DEM, following the methodology described above. The correlation was further constrained for the largest cone volumes encountered at Piton de la Fournaise by data of Etna (Wadge, 1977;Neri et al, 2011), the Auckland volcanic province (Kereszturi et al, 2013b), and the Michoácan-Guanajuato volcanic field (Guilbaud et al, 2012).…”

Section: Cinder Cones and Magma Volumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rift zones and magma plumbing system of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: How do they differ from Hawaii and Etna?

Michon

Ferrazzini

Muro

et al. 2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

122

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International audienceOn ocean basaltic volcanoes, magma transfer to the surface proceeds by subvertical ascent from the mantle lithosphere through the oceanic crust and the volcanic edifice, possibly followed by lateral propagation along rift zones. We use a 19-year-long database of volcano-tectonic seismic events together with detailed mapping of the cinder cones and eruptive fissures to determine the geometry and the dynamics of the magma paths intersecting the edifice of Piton de la Fournaise volcano. We show that the overall plumbing system, from about 30 km depth to the surface, is composed of two structural levels that feed distinct types of rift zones. The deep plumbing system is rooted between Piton des Neiges and Piton de la Fournaise volcanoes and has a N30–40 orientation. Above 20 km below sea level (bsl), the main axis switches to a N120 orientation, which permits magma transfer from the lithospheric mantle to the base of the oceanic crust, below the summit of Piton de la Fournaise. The related NW-SE rift zone is 15 km wide, linear, spotted by small to large pyroclastic cones and related lava flows and emits slightly alkaline magmas resulting from high-pressure fractionation of clinopyroxene ± olivine. This rift zone has low magma production rate of ~ 0.5–3.6 × 10 −3 m 3 s −1 and an eruption periodicity of around 200 years over the last 30 ka. Seismic data suggest that the long-lasting activity of this rift zone result from regional NNE-SSW extension, which reactivates inherited lithospheric faults by the effect of underplating and/or thermal erosion of the mantle lithosphere. The shallow plumbing system (b11 km bsl) connects the base of the crust with the Central Cone. It is separated from the deep plumbing system by a relatively large aseismic zone between 8 and 11 km bsl, which may represent a deep storage level of magma. The shallow plumbing system feeds frequent, short-lived summit and flank (NE and SE flanks) eruptions along summit and outer rift zones, respectively. Summit rift zones are very active (~0.1–0.25 m 3 s −1), short (2–3 km), and present an orthogonal pattern confined to the central active cone of Piton de la Fournaise. Outer NE and SE rift zones are much less active (~4–7.3 × 10 −3 m 3 s −1) and extend from inside the Enclos Fouqué caldera to bound the mobile eastern volcano flank. We show that the outer rift zones are almost aseismic and are genetically linked to the seaward flank displacements, whose most recent events where detected in 2004 and 2007. East flank sliding is itself triggered by shallow (b 2 km depth) sill intrusions. We propose that the subvertical magma intrusions along the perpendicular summit rift zones, sill intrusions, and subsequent magma injections along the outer rift zones are controlled by cycles of stress permutations. We thus tentatively propose that as for Piton de la Fournaise, the regional stress field acting on Etna and Hawaiian volcanoes is an important parameter in the control of the magma transfer along their deep plumbing system whereas the dyna...

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Eruption at Le Piton de la Fournaise volcano on 3 February 1981

Cited by 35 publications

References 1 publication

Isotope Geochemistry of Leg 115 Basalts and Inferences on the History of the Réunion Mantle Plume

Isotope Geochemistry of Leg 115 Basalts and Inferences on the History of the Réunion Mantle Plume

Hierarchical organization as a diagnostic approach to volcano mechanics: Validation on Piton de la Fournaise

Rift zones and magma plumbing system of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: How do they differ from Hawaii and Etna?

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