Erythrocyte sedimentation rate of human blood exposed to low-level laser

Abstract

This study is designed to investigate in vitro low-level laser (LLL) effects on rheological parameter, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), of human blood. The interaction mechanism between LLL radiation and blood is unclear. Therefore, research addresses the effects of LLL irradiation on human blood and this is essential to understanding how laser radiation interacts with biological cells and tissues. The blood samples were collected through venipuncture into EDTA-containing tubes as an anticoagulant. Each sample was divided into two equal aliquots to be used as a non-irradiated sample (control) and an irradiated sample. The aliquot was subjected to doses of 36, 54, 72 and 90 J/cm(2) with wavelengths of 405, 589 and 780 nm, with a radiation source at a fixed power density of 30 mW/cm(2). The ESR and red blood cell count and volume are measured after laser irradiation and compared with the non-irradiated samples. The maximum reduction in ESR is observed with radiation dose 72 J/cm(2) delivered with a 405-nm wavelength laser beam. Moreover, no hemolysis is observed under these irradiation conditions. In a separate protocol, ESR of separated RBCs re-suspended in irradiated plasma (7.6 ± 2.3 mm/h) is found to be significantly lower (by 51 %) than their counterpart re-suspended in non-irradiated plasma (15.0 ± 3.7 mm/h). These results indicate that ESR reduction is mainly due to the effects of LLL on the plasma composition that ultimately affect whole blood ESR.

Genesis on diamonds II: contact with diamond enhances human sperm performance by 300%

“…The inhibitory effect can be understood by considering that during longer bombardment with ROS, the hydrophilic surfaces within and proximal to the mitochondrial rotary motor collect more ROS, which by increasing hydrophilicity, enhances interfacial water viscosity. Recent work supported the hypothesis that the root cause for the entire spectrum of biostimulatory effects (in which red to NIR light irradiation results in an increase in mitochondrial ATP synthesis) is a viscosity effect affecting the efficiency of the ATP synthase (14,15). For lower doses, corresponding to shorter irradiation times, the inhibitory effect of ROS is negligible due to the typically short lifetimes of ROS.…”

Influence of Pulsed He–Ne Laser Irradiation on the Red Blood Cell Interaction Studied by Optical Tweezers

“…Priezzhev's group [35] by measuring the disaggregation forces corresponding to a 20% relative contact area under a 20% or 80% initial overlapping. Among existing studies on low-level He-Ne laser irradiation effects on blood rheological properties, most results were observed after long-time irradiation (20-130 min) [21][22][23][24], and the thermal effect originating from irradiation energy absorption by hemoglobin was assumed to be the main mechanism. The present study shows that low-level pulsed He-Ne irradiation with pulse frequency of 225 Hz has the potentiality to decreased the RBC aggregation force after a short time of irradiation (120 s).…”

“…Low-level laser irradiation has great potentiality of regulating blood rheological properties (e.g., blood viscosity and electrophoretic mobility) and RBCs interaction in blood samples with abnormally high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) [21]. However, most studies were based on statistical analysis by traditional instruments such as Wintrobe tube for ESR, red cell deformability meter, and electrophoretic meter for zeta potential [22,23]. The origin of laser irradiation effects on blood properties, especially on RBC aggregation behavior is not clearly understood.…”

The chemistry and toxicity of discharge waters from copper mine tailing impoundment in the valley of the Apuseni Mountains in Romania

“…For these reasons, the observed effects may be even more relevant for human risk assessment. Despite this, the methods applied in the present work are rarely used to evaluate toxicity of water samples (Zegura et al 2009 ), although the employed assays are commonly used in biomedical, pharmacological, and toxicological sciences, including studies on adverse effects of aquatic toxins, e.g., cyanobacterial metabolites (Pizon et al 2011 ; Poniedziałek et al 2014 ; Poniedziałek et al 2015b ; Al Musawi et al 2016 ; Rzymski et al 2017 ).…”