Erythrocyte Substitute for Perfusion of Brain

Sloviter, Henry A.; Kamimoto, T.

doi:10.1038/216458a0

Cited by 193 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In that study, as in ours, O 2 a rapidly rose substantially above baseline after reperfusion, particularly in the animals treated with Fluosol and ventilated with 100% O 2 (figs. 3,4). This rise in O 2 a paralleled the rise in rCBF (hyperperfusion) noted after clip removal in the majority of our animals ( fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…4 "* In another study where cats were sacrificed 24 hours after occlusion of one middle cerebral artery (MCA), PFC also seemed of value although their effect was not as beneficial as in the acute experiments. 7 However, in a more "chronic" study where cats were treated either with PFC or with dextran and were kept alive for one week after a 4-hour period of MCA occlusion, we failed to show any benefit from either agent and there was a high mortality from cerebral infarction in both groups (unpublished data).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Fluosol on oxygen availability, regional cerebral blood flow, and infarct size in a model of temporary focal cerebral ischemia.

Kolluri

Heros

Hedley‐Whyte

et al. 1986

Stroke

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SUMMARY Twenty-four cats had an intravenous infusion of either Fluosol or saline and then were subjected to 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion. All the animals infused with Fluosol and one-half the animals infused with saline were ventilated with 100% O 2 . Tissue oxygen availability and regional cerebral blood flow were measured by platinum electrodes using direct voltage recordings for oxygen measurements and hydrogen clearance curves for measurements of cerebral blood flow. With 100% oxygenation tissue oxygen availability increased significantly in the Fluosol treated animals, however, during the time of ischemia oxygen availability decreased below baseline values to about an equal level whether the animals were treated with Fluosol or saline. Regional cerebral blood flow fell to a similar value in all groups during the time of occlusion. One hour after reperfusion blood flow increased considerably above baseline values in all groups and oxygen availability also increased in all groups but particularly in the Fluosol treated animals. Overall mortality and the size of infarction 1 week after the ischemic insult were not significantly different in the three groups. Mortality was directly related to the size of the infarct which, in turn, was related to the degree of ischemia during the time of occlusion. Stroke Vol 17, No 5, 1986PERFLUOROCHEMICALS (PFC), or fluorocarbons, are inert organic compounds capable of substituting for the gas transport functions of blood because of their high affinity for O 2 and CO 2 . lJ) In acute experiments in other laboratories, as well as in ours, they have been shown to be useful in protecting the brain from the effects of ischemia. 4 "* In another study where cats were sacrificed 24 hours after occlusion of one middle cerebral artery (MCA), PFC also seemed of value although their effect was not as beneficial as in the acute experiments.7 However, in a more "chronic" study where cats were treated either with PFC or with dextran and were kept alive for one week after a 4-hour period of MCA occlusion, we failed to show any benefit from either agent and there was a high mortality from cerebral infarction in both groups (unpublished data). We concluded that the 4-hour period of MCA occlusion followed by reperfusion in the cat is probably too severe an ischemic insult to allow the protective effect of any agent, if such effect was only moderate, to manifest itself. We are reporting here the results of a study of the effects of Fluosol DA 20% (developed by the Green Cross Corporation, Osaka, Japan) on brain tissue oxygen availability (O 2 a), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), extent of brain infarction, and survival in a model of cerebral ischemia in the cat. The surviving animals were kept alive for a week for better histologic delineation of the infarct. The ischemic insult was limited to 2 hours of temporary MCA occlusion in Received December 30, 1985; accepted January 20, 1986. view of the high morbidity and mortality in our previous study with a 4-hour period of oc...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Fluosol on oxygen availability, regional cerebral blood flow, and infarct size in a model of temporary focal cerebral ischemia.

Kolluri

Heros

Hedley‐Whyte

et al. 1986

Stroke

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“…9 Hemodilution with PFCs should combine the advantages of reduced viscosity while maintaining oxygen-carrying capacity and oncotic pressure at the prehemodilution levels.…”

Section: See Editorial Comment Page 201mentioning

confidence: 99%

The perfluorocarbon fluoromethyloadamantane offers cerebral protection in a model of isovolemic hemodilution in rabbits.

Sakas

Crowell

Kim

et al. 1994

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Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are considered promising cerebral protection agents because they could combine the beneficial effects of decreased blood viscosity with enhanced oxygen-carrying capacity and oxygen tissue delivery, but trials of PFCs as hemodilutants have been very limited. We evaluated fluoromethyloadamantane (FMA), a new perfluorocarbon compound, as an isovolemic hemodilutant and compared it with low-molecular-weight dextran 40 (D40) and a control group. Through a transorbital craniectomy, the internal carotid, anterior, and middle cerebral arteries were coagulated to create a cerebral infarction in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated rabbits. No other experimental procedure was performed in control animals. In the two other groups, hemodilution was commenced 30 minutes after the arterial occlusion with either D40 or FMA. Hemodynamic parameters and brain and systemic temperature were monitored throughout the experiments. All animals were killed 6 hours after the arterial occlusion. Hemodynamic and metabolic parameters and blood oxygen content were not affected by the infusion of either FMA or D40. Brain and systemic temperature remained constant. The ratio of infarct volume to the hemispheric volume was 19.6 +/- 3.7% in the FMA group (n = 17), 19.9 +/- 4.6% in the D40 group (n = 16), and 40.3 +/- 5.7% in the control group (n = 17). The difference in infarct volume of both FMA and D40 animals compared with controls was statistically significant (P < .01) when tested with Student's t test. There was no significant difference between FMA and D40 groups. These results suggest that FMA has cerebral protective properties and should be purified, optimized, and further tested experimentally to develop a stable, efficient, and safe oxygen carrier, potentially suitable for clinical trials.

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“…It has been demonstrated that perfusion of the tissues by Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate-glucose buffer solution, which contains sex hormones, can preserve the uterus for 48 h (31). Moreover, there are reports of perfusion methods also being used for organs such as the liver, the brain, amputated extremities, and flaps (32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Attempt to Keep Flaps Alive with Artificial Perfusion in Rabbits

Özyazgan¹,

Idaci²,

Kontaş³

2016

Erciyes Med J

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Objective: In free flap surgery, the condition of recipient vessels may not be appropriate for anastomosis because of anatomical factors or acquired features such as tumoral invasion, surgical treatment, or radiotherapy. Furthermore, free flap surgery is time-consuming, expensive, demanding, and more prone to complications. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that maintaining free flap perfusion with a temporary artificial system without microanastomosis until revascularization is adequate for flap vitality. Materials and Methods:We studied a total of 14 rabbits, which were placed into two groups: control and experimental. A 5×5 cm free skin island flap was elevated on the caudolateral scapular region. In the experimental group, the artery and vein of the flaps were cannulated and a 5 cc/h plasma infusion was artificially started prior to flap fixation. In the control group, the flaps were designed and sutured to the recipient area without perfusion.Results: The animals did not live long enough for us to analyze the maintenance of the clinical flap vitality. However, it was found that flap tissues in the experimental group were vital during the first 6 days after surgery, while composite graft tissues in the control group resulted in necrosis on day 3 in histopathological examination.Conclusion: Our experimental model proves that the artificial flap perfusion model with plasma perfusion extends the duration of tissue viability compared with that with non-perfusion (control group). This result could be improved with further investigations and may lead to the development of many future innovations.

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Erythrocyte Substitute for Perfusion of Brain

Cited by 193 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of Fluosol on oxygen availability, regional cerebral blood flow, and infarct size in a model of temporary focal cerebral ischemia.

Effect of Fluosol on oxygen availability, regional cerebral blood flow, and infarct size in a model of temporary focal cerebral ischemia.

The perfluorocarbon fluoromethyloadamantane offers cerebral protection in a model of isovolemic hemodilution in rabbits.

An Attempt to Keep Flaps Alive with Artificial Perfusion in Rabbits

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