ERYTHROCYTE THIAMINE (Th) ESTERS: A MAJOR FACTOR OF THE ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME OR A CANDIDATE MARKER FOR ALCOHOLISM ITSELF?

Ceccanti, Mauro; Mancinelli, Rosanna; Sasso, G F; Allen, John P.; Binetti, Roberto; Mellini, Anna; Attilia, Fabio; Toppo, Laura; Attilia, Maria Luisa

doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh162

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…TDP is regarded as the physiologically active form of thiamine. Studies conducted in AL before the administration of vitamin supplements have shown that TMP [ 17 ] and TDP [ 18 ] concentrations are lower in patients than in healthy controls, whereas thiamine T concentration is abnormally high in some patients [ 17 ]. Thiamine metabolism, expressed as the ratio of phosphorylated to unphosphorylated thiamine, is also lower in AL patients [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Biological Risk Factors for Neuropsychological Impairment in Alcohol Use Disorder

et al. 2016

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The effects of alcoholism on cognitive and motor functioning are heterogeneous. While the role of some factors (patterns of alcohol consumption, eating habits or associated liver disease) has been hypothesized, the origins of this heterogeneity remain difficult to establish. The goals of the present study were thus to identify the clinical and biological risk factors for alcohol-related neuropsychological impairments and to determine the threshold beyond which these risk factors can be considered significant. Thirty alcoholic patients and 15 healthy controls had a blood test and underwent a neuropsychological examination. Alcohol severity measures, and liver, thiamine and malnutrition variables, were included in logistic regression models to determine the risk factors for cognitive and motor impairments (executive functions, visuospatial abilities, verbal episodic memory, ataxia), as well as those related to the severity of patients’ overall neuropsychological profile (moderate or severe impairments). Liver fibrosis was found to be a risk factor for executive impairments and also for ataxia, when it was associated with long-term alcohol misuse and symptoms of withdrawal. Altered thiamine metabolism was solely predictive of verbal episodic memory impairments. This combination of biological abnormalities was associated with a profile of moderate neuropsychological impairments. Malnutrition was associated with a profile of more severe impairments. Malnutrition, altered liver function and thiamine metabolism explain, at least partially, the heterogeneity of alcohol-related neuropsychological impairments. Our findings could allow clinicians to identify patients at particular risk of severe neuropsychological impairments before the onset of irreversible and debilitating neurological complications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Biological Risk Factors for Neuropsychological Impairment in Alcohol Use Disorder

et al. 2016

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“…Whole blood TDP concentration in the range of 90–220 nmol/L, TMP 1–10 nmol/L, TTP 1–13 nmol/L and free thiamin 2–15 nmol/L have been reported (Warnock et al., ; Lu and Frank, ; Gangolf et al., ). Lower total thiamin concentrations have been reported in whole blood of beriberi patients (Kawai et al., ; Kuriyama et al., ) and in erythrocytes of alcoholic subjects (Mancinelli et al., ; Ceccanti et al., ), compared to healthy individuals. In a longitudinal study in which four young adults were maintained on a constant diet for 60 days (1.55 mg thiamin/day), within‐subject variation in whole blood total thiamin concentration in the order of 8–10% was reported (van Dokkum et al., ).…”

Section: Definition/categorymentioning

confidence: 92%

Dietary reference values for thiamin

Turck¹,

Bresson²,

Burlingame³

et al. 2016

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) derived dietary reference values (DRVs) for thiamin (vitamin B1). The Panel considers that data from depletion-repletion studies in adults on the amount of dietary thiamin intake associated with the erythrocyte transketolase activity coefficient (aETK) < 1.15, generally considered to reflect an adequate thiamin status, or with the restoration of normal (baseline) erythrocyte transketolase activity, without a sharp increase in urinary thiamin excretion, can be used to estimate thiamin requirement. In the absence of new scientific evidence, the Panel endorses the average requirement (AR) of 0.072 mg/MJ (0.3 mg/1,000 kcal) for all adults proposed by the Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in 1993 on the basis of one depletion-repletion study, in which both aETK and urinary thiamin excretion were measured. Results from other depletion-repletion studies are in agreement with this value. The Panel agrees on the coefficient of variation of 20% used by the SCF to cover uncertainties related to distribution of thiamin requirements in the general population, and endorses the population reference intake (PRI) of 0.1 mg/MJ (0.4 mg/1,000 kcal) set by the SCF for all adults. The same AR and PRI as for adults, expressed in mg/MJ, are proposed for infants aged 7-11 months, children aged 1 to < 18 years, and during pregnancy and lactation, under the assumption that the relationship between thiamin requirement and energy requirement is the same in all population groups. Acknowledgements: The Panel wishes to thank EFSA member of staff Fanny H eraud for the support provided to this scientific opinion.

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“…All patients had intakes of vitamin E and folate below UK recommended standards, while 85-95% of patients had low intakes of selenium and Vitamin D. Between 50% and 85% of all patients had intakes of calcium, zinc, Vitamins A, B(1), B(2), B(6) and C below UK recommended standards in (Manari et al, 2003). Furthermore, several studies showed that 30-80% of alcoholics become thiamine deficient because of poor diet, impaired absorption, vomiting, and direct inhibition of the pyrophosphokinase (Butterworth et al, 1993;Ceccanti et al, 2005;Heap et al, 2002;Homewood et al, 1997;Kopelman, 1995;Lieber, 2003). Ba et al (1999) analysed the combined effects on newborns of a thiamine-deficient diet and alcohol exposure in pregnant and lactating rats.…”

Section: The Combined Effects Of Malnutrition and Alcohol Misusementioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of alcohol misuse, malnutrition and genetic susceptibility on brain growth and plasticity

Guerrini

Thomson

Gurling

2007

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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ERYTHROCYTE THIAMINE (Th) ESTERS: A MAJOR FACTOR OF THE ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME OR A CANDIDATE MARKER FOR ALCOHOLISM ITSELF?

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Clinical and Biological Risk Factors for Neuropsychological Impairment in Alcohol Use Disorder

Clinical and Biological Risk Factors for Neuropsychological Impairment in Alcohol Use Disorder

Dietary reference values for thiamin

The importance of alcohol misuse, malnutrition and genetic susceptibility on brain growth and plasticity

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