Erythrocytes as Oral Delivery Systems for Human Insulin

Al-Achi, Antoine; Greenwood, Robert

doi:10.3109/03639049809082354

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Examples of pharmacological and imaging agents encapsulated into carrier RBC include diverse enzymes29,30, fluorescent labels30, erythropoietin for sustained stimulation of hemopoietic potential31, hemoglobin cofactor inositol hexaphosphate for enhancing RBC oxygen carrying capacity32,33, anti-thrombotic drugs heparin34 and thrombolytics35, amikacin for anti-parasitic therapy36,37, insulin38, fluoro-AMP25 and methotrexate for cancer chemotherapy35, isotopes for imaging of blood pool using gamma-scintigraphy and MRI39–42, antisense oligonucleotides for gene knock-outs43 and anti-viral interventions44, plasmid DNA for gene therapy45, and, more recently, magnetic nanoparticles46.…”

Section: Vascular Delivery Of Drugs Encapsulated Into Carrier Rbcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug delivery by red blood cells: vascular carriers designed by mother nature

Muzykantov

2010

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

345

294

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Importance of the field-Vascular delivery of several classes of therapeutic agents may benefit from carriage by red blood cells (RBC), for example, drugs that require delivery into phagocytic cells and those that must act within the vascular lumen. The fact that several protocols of infusion of RBCencapsulated drugs are been currently explored in patients illustrates a high biomedical importance for the field.Areas covered by this review-Two strategies for RBC drug delivery are discussed: encapsulation into isolated RBC ex vivo followed by infusion in compatible recipients and coupling therapeutics to surface of RBC. Studies of pharmacokinetics and effects in animal models and in human studies of diverse therapeutic enzymes, antibiotics and other drugs encapsulated in RBC are described and critically analyzed. Coupling to RBC surface of compounds regulating immune response and complement, affinity ligands, polyethylene glycol alleviating immune response to donor RBC and fibrinolytic plasminogen activators is d escribed. Also described is a novel, translation-prone approach for RBC drug delivery by injecting of therapeutics conjugated with fragments of antibodies providing safe anchoring of cargoes to circulating RBC, without need for ex vivo modification and infusion of RBC.What the reader will gain-The readers will gain historical perspective, current status, challenges and perspectives of medical applications of RBC for drug delivery.Take home message-RBC represent naturally designed carriers for intravascular drug delivery, characterized by unique longevity in the bloodstream, biocompatibility and safe physiological mechanisms for metabolism. Novel approaches for encapsulating drugs into RBC and coupling to RBC surface provide promising avenues for safe and widely useful improvement of drug delivery in the vascular system.

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Section: Vascular Delivery Of Drugs Encapsulated Into Carrier Rbcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug delivery by red blood cells: vascular carriers designed by mother nature

Muzykantov

2010

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

345

294

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“…It is quicker and cheaper method in comparison with other two. Al-Achi et al [95,96] have successfully reported erythrocyte membrane vesicular delivery of insulin and doxorubicin. Electrical breakdown method is used to convert ghosts into small vesicles under the influence of electrical potential.…”

Section: Nanoerythrosomes [Nes]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Loaded Erythrocytes: As Novel Drug Delivery System

Patel¹,

Dand²,

Hirlekar³

et al. 2008

CPD

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Novel drug delivery systems are one of the widely used delivery systems. In the present scenario, amongst them, "Drug Loaded Erythrocytes" is one of the growing and potential systems for delivery of drugs and enzymes. Erythrocytes are biocompatible, biodegradable, possess long circulation half-life and can be loaded with variety of biologically active substances. Carrier erythrocytes are prepared by collecting blood sample from the organism of interest and separating erythrocytes from plasma. By using various physical and chemical methods the cells are broken and the drug is entrapped into the erythrocytes, finally they are resealed and the resultant carriers are then called "resealed erythrocytes". Surface modification with glutaraldehyde, antibodies, carbohydrates like sialic acid and biotinylation of loaded erythrocytes (biotinylated erythrocytes) is possible to improve their target specificity and to increase their circulation half-life. Upon reinjection the drug loaded erythrocytes serve as slow circulation depots, targets the drug to the reticuloendothelial system (RES), prevents degradation of loaded drug from inactivation by endogenous chemicals, attain steady state concentration of drug and decrease the side-effects of loaded drug. Nowadays, Nanoerythrosomes based drug delivery systems have excellent potential for clinical application.

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“…[105] In another approach of Al-Achi insulin solution either free or along with carrier that is, erythrocyte-ghosts (EG) or liposomes-vesicles, was administered buccally. Result showed decrease in blood glucose concentration.…”

Section: Erythrocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel noninvasive techniques in management of diabetes

Sameer¹

2014

Asian J Pharm

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S ince the discovery, insulin remains as effective means of curing the diabetes. During the last decades, diabetes has become a life-threatening disease, because of this people initially goes for insulin injections but the inconvenience leads to the development of noninvasive techniques, which has recently replaced the insulin injection. These techniques overcome the barrier for the insulin treatment and ultimately control the glucose level of patient effectively than invasive technique. In these review, an attempt has been made to cover overall techniques available for diabetes treatment noninvasively. In an attempt of this, data has been collected, which includes insulin delivery via oral, nasal, pulmonary, rectal, buccal and ocular route. Along with these devices available in the market and under trials for diabetes treatment has also been covered. As this disease requires continuous treatment, it is advisable to go with noninvasive means of insulin delivery.

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Erythrocytes as Oral Delivery Systems for Human Insulin

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

Drug delivery by red blood cells: vascular carriers designed by mother nature

Drug delivery by red blood cells: vascular carriers designed by mother nature

Drug Loaded Erythrocytes: As Novel Drug Delivery System

Novel noninvasive techniques in management of diabetes

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