ESAs ScyLight Programme: activities and status of the high throughput optical network "HydRON"

Hauschildt, Harald; Elia, C.; Jones, Andrew; Moeller, Hermann Ludwig; Armengol, Josep Maria Perdigués

doi:10.1117/12.2535935

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The latter apparently provide the highest achieved to date rate at the level of several Gbit/s over distances of the order of 10 4 km [111,112]. It is reasonable to expect that the ongoing studies of advanced optical communication systems would demonstrate the data rate of the order of terabit per second [113] in the coming decade. Depending on the overall THEZA configuration, the data transport system should provide only inter-satellite link (the case of Space-only baselines) with in-orbit correlation, or enable data down-link if the system involves both space-borne and Earth-based telescopes.…”

Section: Data Transportmentioning

confidence: 94%

The science case and challenges of space-borne sub-millimeter interferometry

Gurvits,

Paragi,

Amils

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Ultra-high angular resolution in astronomy has always been an important vehicle for making fundamental discoveries. Recent results in direct imaging of the vicinity of the supermassive black hole in the nucleus of the radio galaxy M87 by the millimeter VLBI system Event Horizon Telescope and various pioneering results of the Space VLBI mission RadioAstron provided new momentum in high angular resolution astrophysics. In both mentioned cases, the angular resolution reached the values of about 10−20 microrcseconds (0.05−0.1 nanoradian). Further developments toward at least an order of magnitude "sharper" values, at the level of 1 microarcsecond are dictated by the needs of advanced astrophysical studies. The paper emphasis that these higher values can only be achieved by placing millimeter and submillimeter wavelength interferometric systems in space. A concept of such the system, called Terahertz Exploration and Zooming-in for Astrophysics, has been proposed in the framework of the ESA Call for White Papers for the Voayage 2050 long term plan in 2019. In the current paper we present new science objectives for such the concept based on recent results in studies of active galactic nuclei and supermassive black holes. We also discuss several approaches for addressing technological challenges of creating a millimeter/sub-millimeter wavelength interferometric system in space. In particular, we consider a novel configuration of a space-borne millimeter/sub-millimeter antenna which might resolve several bottlenecks in creating large precise mechanical structures. The paper also presents an overview of prospective spacequalified technologies of low-noise analogue front-end instrumentation for millimeter/sub-millimeter telescopes. Data handling and processing instrumentation is another key technological component of a sub-millimeter Space VLBI system. Requirements and possible implementation options for this instrumentation are described as an extrapolation of the current state-of-the-art Earthbased VLBI data transport and processing instrumentation. The paper also briefly discusses approaches to the interferometric baseline state vector determination and synchronisation and heterodyning system. The technology-oriented sections of the paper do not aim at presenting a complete set of technological solutions for sub-millimeter (terahertz) space-borne interferometers. Rather, in combination with the original ESA Voyage 2050 White Paper, it sharpens the case for the next generation microarcsceond-level imaging instruments and provides starting points for further in-depth technology trade-off studies.

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Section: Data Transportmentioning

confidence: 94%

The science case and challenges of space-borne sub-millimeter interferometry

Gurvits,

Paragi,

Amils

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…In another use case for OWSNs, the European Space Agency's High thRoughput Optical Network (HydRON) project is targeting a "Fiber in the Sky" network in space [18]. The goal of this project is to enable an all-optical transport network in space.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substituting values of different distances in (14), we get (17). Finally, the crossover function for this scenario can be calculated as in (18). Substituting 𝑟 𝑔𝑠 in (18), we get (19).…”

Section: B Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

When to Crossover From Earth to Space for Lower Latency Data Communications?

Chaudhry

Yanıkömeroğlu

2022

IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.

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For data communications over long distances, optical wireless satellite networks (OWSNs) can offer lower latency than optical fiber terrestrial networks (OFTNs). However, when is it beneficial to switch or crossover from an OFTN to an OWSN for lower latency data communications? In this work, we introduce a crossover function that enables to find the crossover distance, i.e., a distance between two points on the surface of the Earth beyond which switching or crossing over from an OFTN to an OWSN for data communications between these points is useful in terms of latency. Numerical results reveal that a higher refractive index of optical fiber (or 𝑖) in an OFTN and a lower altitude of satellites (or ℎ) in an OWSN result in a shorter crossover distance. To account for the variation in the end-to-end propagation distance that occurs over the OWSN, we examine the crossover function in four different scenarios. Numerical results indicate that the crossover distance varies with the end-to-end propagation distance over an OWSN and is different for different scenarios. We calculate the average crossover distance over all scenarios for different ℎ and 𝑖 and use it to evaluate the simulation results. Furthermore, for a comparative analysis of OFTNs and OWSNs in terms of latency, we study three different OFTNs having different refractive indices and three different OWSNs having different satellite altitudes in three different scenarios for long-distance intercontinental data communications, including connections between New York and Dublin, Sao Paulo and London, and Toronto and Sydney. All three OWSNs offer better latency than OFTN2 (with 𝑖 2 = 1.3) and OFTN3 (with 𝑖 3 = 1.4675) in all scenarios. For example, for Toronto-Sydney connection, OWSN1 (with ℎ 1 = 300 km), OWSN2 (with ℎ 2 = 550 km) and OWSN3 (with ℎ 3 = 1,100 km) perform better than OFTN2 by 18.11%, 16.08%, and 10.30%, respectively, while they provide an improvement in latency of 27.46%, 25.67%, and 20.54%, respectively, compared to OFTN3. The OWSN1 performs better than OFTN1 (with 𝑖 1 = 1.1) for Sao Paulo-London and Toronto-Sydney connections by 2.23% and 3.22%, respectively, while OWSN2 outperforms OFTN1 for Toronto-Sydney connection by 0.82%. For New York-Dublin connection, all OWSNs while for Sao Paulo-London connection, OWSN2 and OWSN3 exhibit higher latency than OFTN1 as the corresponding average crossover distances are greater than the shortest terrestrial distances between cities in these scenarios. Multiple satellites (or laser inter-satellite links) on its shortest paths drive up the propagation distance to the extent that OWSN3 ends up with a higher latency than OFTN1 for the Toronto-Sydney inter-continental connection scenario although the related average crossover distance is less than the shortest terrestrial distance between Toronto and Sydney. The challenges related to OWSNs and OFTNs that may arise from this work in future are also highlighted.

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“…It was shown that the crossover distance depended on the refractive index of the optical fiber in the optical fiber terrestrial network and the altitude of satellites and the end-to-end propagation distance in the FSOSN. A TL with a nearby crossing OP neighbor was considered in [25] while studying latency of a satellite network, and TLs were also considered in [13] and [29] while conducting comparison of an optical wireless satellite network Objective Deliver broadband Internet to rural and remote areas [3], [5], [19] Deliver an all-optical transport network in space [20]- [22] Timeline and an optical fiber terrestrial network in terms of latency. Yet no studies exist that examine an NG-FSOSN versus an NNG-FSOSN to investigate the impact of TLs on network latency of these FSOSNs.…”

Section: Motivation and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporary Laser Inter-Satellite Links in Free-Space Optical Satellite Networks

Chaudhry

Yanıkömeroğlu

2022

IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.

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Laser inter-satellite links (LISLs) between satellites in a free-space optical satellite network (FSOSN) can be divided into two classes: permanent LISLs (PLs) and temporary LISLs (TLs). TLs are not desirable in next-generation FSOSNs (NG-FSOSNs) due to high LISL setup time, but they may become feasible in next-next-generation FSOSNs (NNG-FSOSNs). Using the satellite constellation for Phase I of Starlink, we study the impact of TLs on network latency in an NG-FSOSN (which has only PLs) versus an NNG-FSOSN (which has PLs and TLs) under different long-distance inter-continental data communications scenarios, including Sydney-

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ESAs ScyLight Programme: activities and status of the high throughput optical network "HydRON"

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

The science case and challenges of space-borne sub-millimeter interferometry

The science case and challenges of space-borne sub-millimeter interferometry

When to Crossover From Earth to Space for Lower Latency Data Communications?

Temporary Laser Inter-Satellite Links in Free-Space Optical Satellite Networks

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