Esfenvalerate-Induced Case-Abandonment in the Larvae of the Caddisfly Brachycentrus americanus

Johnson, Katherine A.; Jepson, P. C.; Jenkins, Jeffrey L.

doi:10.1897/07-185

Cited by 6 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The latter scenario was reported in a study on larval damselflies (Coenagrion puella); aqueous exposures to carbaryl and endosulfan (organophosphorous and organochlorine class compounds, respectively) did not have an effect on food ingestion but did affect food assimilation efficiency [37]. For example, sublethal esfenvalerate exposures to the caddisfly Brachycentrus americanus induced a behavioral response (case abandonment) that leads to energetically costly activities (case-rebuilding) [38]. Toxicol.…”

Section: Population and Community-level Implications Of Growth Effectsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of sediment‐associated pyrethroids, fipronil, and metabolites on Chironomus tentans growth rate, body mass, condition index, immobilization, and survival

Maul

Brennan

Harwood

et al. 2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

107

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Pyrethroids and fipronil insecticides partition to sediment and organic matter in aquatic systems and may pose a risk to organisms that use these matrices. It has been suggested that bioavailability of sediment-sorbed pesticides is reduced, but data on toxicity of sediment-associated pesticides for pyrethroids and fipronil are limited. In the current study, 10-d sediment exposures were conducted with larval Chironomus tentans for bifenthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, fipronil, fipronil-sulfide, and fipronil-sulfone, the last two being common fipronil metabolites. Sublethal endpoints included immobilization, instantaneous growth rate (IGR), body condition index, and growth estimated by ash-free dry mass (AFDM). Pyrethroid lethal concentrations to 50% of the population (LC50s) were 6.2, 2.8, and 24.5 microg/g of organic carbon (OC) for bifenthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, and permethrin, respectively; with the former two lower than previously published estimates. Fipronil, fipronil-sulfide, and fipronil-sulfone LC50 values were 0.13, 0.16, and 0.12 microg/g of OC, respectively. Ratios of LC50s to sublethal endpoints (immobilization, IGR, and AFDM) ranged from 0.90 to 9.03. The effects on growth observed in the present study are important because of the unique dipteran life cycle involving pupation and emergence events. Growth inhibition would likely lead to ecological impacts similar to mortality (no emergence and thus not reproductively viable) but at concentrations up to 4.3 times lower than the LC50 for some compounds. In addition, C. tentans was highly sensitive to fipronil and metabolites, suggesting that dipterans may be important for estimating risk and understanding effects of phenylpyrazole-class insecticides on benthic macroinvertebrate communities.

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Section: Population and Community-level Implications Of Growth Effectsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of sediment‐associated pyrethroids, fipronil, and metabolites on Chironomus tentans growth rate, body mass, condition index, immobilization, and survival

Maul

Brennan

Harwood

et al. 2008

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

107

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“…Analytical-grade esfenvalerate (ChemService, West Chester, PA, USA) was used throughout the present study; stock solutions of 10, 1, and 0.1 g esfenvalerate/ml acetone were prepared using pesticide-grade acetone (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA, USA). Methods of dilution to obtain experimental concentrations have been described previously by Johnson et al [17], as have nominal concentration verification methodologies. Water used in bioassays was not analyzed; rather, duplicate 1-L samples of the test water were concurrently fortified with analytical-grade esfenvalerate in 2 ml of acetone in an amber bottle with a Teflon-lined lid.…”

Section: Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Final-instar nymphs were exposed according to the methodology described by Johnson et al [17]. Insects were exposed as groups of 10 in 250-ml, side-arm flasks containing 250 ml of chilled, aerated water (11ЊC) and Teflon boiling chips as substrate (Chemware PTFE Boiling Stones; Fisher Scientific).…”

Section: Reticulata Emergence Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both agricultural and urban usages of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides are increasing, and concern exists that these compounds may pose a risk to nontarget aquatic organisms [14,15]. Agriculturally associated streams in California (USA) were found to contain between 0.1 and 0.8 g/L of esfenvalerate [16], which has been shown to significantly alter Brachycentrus americanus larval behavior and survival following exposures as low as 0.05 g/L [17]. Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides elicit toxic effects by binding to sodium channels, prolonging nerve signaling and causing eventual depolarization of the nerve [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of aquatic insect life stage and emergence strategy on sensitivity to esfenvalerate exposure

Palmquist¹,

Jepson²,

Jenkins³

2007

Environ Toxicol Chem

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We investigated the impact of aquatic insect life stage and emergence strategy on sensitivity to esfenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, using field-collected Brachycentrus americanus Banks (Trichoptera: Brachycentridae) and Cinygmula reticulata McDunnough (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) insects. Final-instar C. reticulata emergence was observed for one week following three environmentally relevant, 48-h esfenvalerate exposures (0.005, 0.01, and 0.015 g/L). Emergence was significantly depressed following exposure to esfenvalerate and resulted from an increase in nymph mortality during the emergence process. This experiment was duplicated for late-instar C. reticulata nymphs, which were similar in size to the final-instar nymphs but were not near emergence. Late-instar C. reticulata mayflies were approximately fivefold less sensitive to esfenvalerate exposures as gauged by one-week mortality rates. Brachycentrus americanus pupal mortality was significantly increased over that in controls following 48-h esfenvalerate exposures of 0.1 and 0.2 g/L. These response concentrations correlated closely with those for caseabandonment rates of fourth-instar B. americanus larvae (a sublethal effect of esfenvalerate exposure). Pupal mortality rates were approximately 16-fold higher than those observed in larvae. Adult female egg weight as a percentage of total body weight was significantly decreased following pupal esfenvalerate exposures of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 g/L. These findings suggest that exposure to esfenvalerate may impair hemimetabolous insect emergence behaviors and may decrease fecundity in holometabolous aquatic insects.

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“…They are highly toxic to non-target organisms such as fish and aquatic invertebrates (Clark and Matsumura 1982;Werner and Moran 2008). Many current-use insecticides are neurotoxic compounds, which exert sublethal effects on aquatic organisms that can lead to severe health or reproductive impairment (Connon et al 2012a;Johnson et al 2008;Rakotondravelo et al 2006a). Pyrethroids are known to inhibit sodium channels in the axonal membranes of nerve cells (Clark and Matsumura 1982), while organophosphates competitively inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase in nerve synapses (Karnak and Collins 1974;Wheelock et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of the sublethal and lethal toxicity of four pesticides in Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus

Hasenbein

Connon

Lawler

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Laboratory toxicity testing is the primary tool used for surface water environmental risk assessment; however, there are critical information gaps regarding the sublethal effects of pesticides. In 10-day exposures, we assessed the lethal and sublethal (motility and growth) toxicities of four commonly used pesticides, bifenthrin, permethrin, cyfluthrin, and chlorpyrifos, on two freshwater invertebrates, Chironomus dilutus and Hyalella azteca. Pyrethroids were more toxic than the organophosphate chlorpyrifos in both species. Bifenthrin was most toxic to H. azteca survival and growth. Cyfluthrin was most toxic to C. dilutus. However, cyfluthrin had the greatest effect on motility on both H. azteca and C. dilutus. The evaluated concentrations of chlorpyrifos did not affect C. dilutus motility or growth, but significantly impacted H. azteca growth. Motility served as the most sensitive endpoint in assessing sublethal effects at low concentrations for both species, while growth was a good indicator of toxicity for all four pesticides for H. azteca. The integration of sublethal endpoints in ambient water monitoring and pesticide regulation efforts could improve identification of low-level pesticide concentrations that may eventually cause negative effects on food webs and community structure in aquatic environments.

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Esfenvalerate-Induced Case-Abandonment in the Larvae of the Caddisfly Brachycentrus americanus

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of sediment‐associated pyrethroids, fipronil, and metabolites on Chironomus tentans growth rate, body mass, condition index, immobilization, and survival

Effect of sediment‐associated pyrethroids, fipronil, and metabolites on Chironomus tentans growth rate, body mass, condition index, immobilization, and survival

Impact of aquatic insect life stage and emergence strategy on sensitivity to esfenvalerate exposure

A comparison of the sublethal and lethal toxicity of four pesticides in Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus

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