Esophageal Tuberculosis – A Mass of Confusion

Danna, Bernard J.; Harvey, Alexander; Woc-Colburn, Laila

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2020.02.038

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Patients may complain of systemic TB symptoms such as dysphagia, odynophagia, and retrosternal pain. Owing to the nonspecific nature of the disease, it is often mistaken for esophageal carcinoma and submucosal tumors 11 . Differential diagnoses for esophageal tuberculosis are carcinoma of the esophagus, Crohn's disease of the esophagus, and sarcoidosis 12–15 .…”

Section: Esophageal Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Owing to the nonspecific nature of the disease, it is often mistaken for esophageal carcinoma and submucosal tumors. 11 Differential diagnoses for esophageal tuberculosis are carcinoma of the esophagus, Crohn's disease of the esophagus, and sarcoidosis. 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 Table 1 provides distinctive characteristics of differential diagnoses.…”

Section: Esophageal Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Current role of endoscopic ultrasound for gastrointestinal and abdominal tuberculosis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A high incidence of tuberculosis (TB), especially in endemic countries, makes this infectious disease a concern. Abdominal TB contributes to 10% of extrapulmonary TB. Due to nonspecific clinical, radiological, and endoscopic findings, diagnosing abdominal TB continues to be a challenge. Hence, a precise diagnosis is needed. The diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease using endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is often performed due to its high resolution and ability to provide a real-time visual representation of the gastrointestinal tract and extramural structures. EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and fineneedle biopsy (FNB) have helped diagnose TB as they offer an adequate specimen for cytology or histopathological examination. This method is considered safer, more effective, and more efficient. The capacity of EUS to diagnose abdominal TB based on the affected organs was examined via a literature search. We reviewed the role of EUS in diagnosing esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, peripancreatic, hepatosplenic, peritoneal, and intestinal TB. Generally, EUS aids in diagnosing abdominal TB. In some organs, it is superior to other diagnostic modalities. However, further examinations, such as cytology or histopathology and microbial, are still needed. We also studied the roles of EUS-FNA and EUS-FNB. EUS-FNA has shown a high diagnostic yield in esophageal (94.3-100%), pancreatic and peripancreatic (76.2%), and intestinal TB (84.1%). As minimally invasive methods, EUS-FNA and EUS-FNB can successfully provide sufficient samples. EUS is a functional diagnostic modality for abdominal TB. EUS-FNA and EUS-FNB provide sufficient samples safely and efficiently for further cytology, histopathology, and microbial examinations. Esophageal tuberculosisEsophageal TB is uncommon and has nonspecific clinical, laboratory, radiological, and endoscopic features. With prevalence

show abstract

Section: Esophageal Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Esophageal Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Current role of endoscopic ultrasound for gastrointestinal and abdominal tuberculosis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The differences between primary and secondary esophageal tuberculosis are listed in Table 1 . The majority of ET is secondary in adjacent tuberculosis lesions, such as extension of mediastinal lymph nodes, pulmonary, laryngeal, or Pott’s spine or, less commonly, through hematogenous spread [ 3 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Primary ET occurs when patients swallow sputum or food contaminated with tubercle bacilli.…”

Section: Classification and Clinical Manifestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Endoscopy in Esophageal Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review

Zong

Zhao

et al. 2022

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Esophageal tuberculosis (ET) is a rare infectious disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Awareness of ET is deficient due to its low incidence. Unexplained dysphagia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding are the most common symptoms of ET. The prognosis is generally good if patients are diagnosed properly and receive anti-tubercular treatment promptly. However, ET is difficult to differentiate from other diseases. Endoscopic techniques such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), contrast-enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH-EUS), elastography, and endoscopic ultrasound--guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) improve the diagnosis of ET. Thus, the characteristics of ET and other difficult-to-detect diseases according to EGD and EUS were summarized. Intriguingly, there is no literature relevant to the application of CH-EUS and elastography in ET. The authors’ research center was first in introducing CH-EUS and elastography into the field of ET. The specific manifestation of ET based on CH-EUS was discovered for the first time. Correlative experience and representative cases were shared. The role of endoscopy in acquiring esophageal specimens and treatment for ET was also established. In this review, we aim to introduce a promising technology for the diagnosis and treatment of ET.

show abstract

Foregut tuberculosis: Too close but miles apart

Shahid,

Anis,

Abid

2024

World J Clin Cases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The worldwide burden of tuberculosis (TB) has increased and it can involve virtually any organ of the body. Intestinal TB accounts for about 2% of the cases of TB worldwide. The ileocecal region is the most commonly affected site, and the foregut is rarely involved. The reported incidence is approximately 0.5%. Esophageal TB presents with dysphagia, weight loss, and hematemesis in rare cases. Gastroduodenal TB usually manifests with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and sometimes with gastric outlet obstruction. Gastroscopy may reveal shallow ulcers in stomach and duodenal deformity when underlying TB is suspected, therefore histopathology plays pivotal role. On computed tomography, duodenal TB typically manifests as duodenal strictures predominantly, accompanied by extrinsic compression, and occasionally as intraluminal mass. But their diagnosis can easily be missed if proper biopsies are not taken and samples are not sent for GeneXpert testing, TB polymerase chain reaction investigation and histopathological analysis. Despite being in close proximity to the lungs, the esophagus and stomach are rare sites of TB. The reasons could be low gastric pH and acidity which does not let mycobacterium grow. But there are various case reports of TB involving the foregut. We have summarized the rare cases of foregut TB in different sections and highlighted the importance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy, histopathology and advanced techniques like endoscopic ultrasound in establishing the diagnosis.

show abstract

Esophageal Tuberculosis – A Mass of Confusion

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Current role of endoscopic ultrasound for gastrointestinal and abdominal tuberculosis

Current role of endoscopic ultrasound for gastrointestinal and abdominal tuberculosis

Role of Endoscopy in Esophageal Tuberculosis: A Narrative Review

Foregut tuberculosis: Too close but miles apart

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About