Espécies raras e comuns de Myrtaceae da Floresta Estacional Decidual de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Abstract

ResumoObjetivou-se avaliar as espécies arbóreas raras e comuns da família Myrtaceae amostradas pelo Inventário Florístico Florestal de Santa Catarina na Floresta Estacional Decidual. Esta floresta ocorre ao longo do rio Uruguai e afluentes, sob baixas temperaturas no inverno e chuvas bem distribuídas ao longo do ano, com árvores do dossel e emergentes predominantemente caducifólias. Coletaram-se dados em 78 unidades amostrais com 0,40 ha cada, registrando-se árvores com diâmetro na altura do peito ≥ 10 cm. Utilizou-se a metodologia Rabinowitz para segregar as espécies em raras ou comuns, considerando três variáveis: distribuição geográfica, especificidade por habitat e tamanho populacional. Das 28 espécies amostradas, 78,57% (22 spp.) apresentaram alguma forma de raridade e 21,43% (6 spp.) foram comuns. As espécies de Myrtaceae na Floresta Estacional Decidual são, em geral, amplamente distribuídas, mas seletivas quanto ao habitat e possuem poucos indivíduos. Destacam-se três espécies consideradas raras na floresta avaliada: Eugenia subterminalis, Myrcianthes gigantea e Siphoneugena reitzii com um indivíduo cada. Campomanesia xanthocarpa foi a espécie mais comum. Todas as espécies avaliadas são zoocóricas e podem ser utilizadas em restauração ambiental.Palavras-chave: domínio Mata Atlântica, análise de raridade, conservação. AbstractWe surveyed the common and rare species of Myrtaceae that were sampled in the Santa Catarina Forest Floristic Inventory of the Seasonal Deciduous Forest. This forest runs along the Uruguay River and its tributaries, with cold winters and rainfall distributed throughout the year, and a mostly deciduous and emergent canopy. We collected data in 78 sample units, each with an area of 0.40 ha, and recorded trees ≥ 10 cm diameter at breast height. We used Rabinowitz methodology to separate common and rare species, based on three variables: geographic distribution, habitat and population size. Of the 28 species sampled, 78.57% (22 spp.) were rare and 21.43% (6 spp.) were common. Myrtaceae species in the Seasonal Deciduous Forest are generally widely distributed, but are selective in relation to habitat and low in abundance. It is important to note that three species were considered rare in this forest: Eugenia subterminalis DC., Myrcianthes gigantea (D.Legrand) D.Legrand and Siphoneugena reitzii D.Legrand with one individual each. Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O.Berg was the most common species. All species are dispersed by animals and can be used in habitat restoration.

Floristic, Diversity and Spatial Distribution of Tree Species in a Dry Forest in Southern Brazil

“…Macbr., C. canjerana, Nectandra lanceolata Nees, P. rigida and others (Fontana and Sevegnani, 2012).…”

Bromeliaceae From Caparaó National Park, Minas Gerais/Espírito Santo States, Brazil, With Notes on Distribution and Conservation

“…Depending on the variables analyzed, the concept of rarity can be considered rather broad and controversial, therefore the use of Rabinowitz et al (1986) seven rarity forms is an objective tool to distinguish priority areas for conservation by taking into account the particularities of environmental requirements for the species distribution (Caiafa & Martins 2010, Fontana et al 2014. In the CNP, a large percentage of species were categorized amongst the rarest forms (6 and 7), reflecting the restricted distribution usually found among Bromeliaceae (Versieux & Wendt 2007).…”

Community structure and tree diversity in a subtropical forest in southern Brazil

“…The species with higher importance values are common and important in other surveys in the Araucaria and Seasonal forests of Santa Catarina (Gasper, Uhlmann, et al 2013, Gasper et al 2015, Vibrans et al 2011, Schneider & Rocha 2014, Vibrans et al 2013a, 2012. Ocotea diospyrifolia, Cupania vernalis, Casearia sylvestris, Diatenopteryx sorbifolia and Myrocarpus frondosus are common at Seasonal forest (Fontana & Sevegnani 2012) and A. angustifolia, Coussarea contracta e Cupania vernalis, are typical from components of early and intermediate successional stages in the Araucaria forest of Santa Catarina (Klauberg et al 2010, Vibrans et al 2011). According to Gasper et al (2015), Cupania vernalis, Diatenopteryx sorbifolia and Myrocarpus frondosus characterize the transitional forests from the west of Santa Catarina.…”

“…Leyser et al (2009) demonstrated high species richness of Fabaceae and Lauraceae in the transitional area between Araucaria and Seasonal forest, as found in this study, which may also indicate an association between these families in ecotonal areas. In general, Myrtaceae species are widely distributed in Atlantic forest s.l., but with lower abundance in the SF of Santa Catarina, leading to a rare occurrence specially driven by the climatic filters in the region (Fontana et al 2014). These associations reflect complex species interactions which may also contribute powerfully to forest structuring and patterns of species distributions, leading to more studies and efforts in ecotonal areas.…”