EspJ of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli inhibits opsono-phagocytosis

Marchès, Oliver; Covarelli, Valentina; Dahan, Sivan; Cougoule, Céline; Bhatta, Pallavi; Frankel, Gad; Caron, Emmanuelle

doi:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01112.x

Cited by 70 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Two effector families which are present in both EPEC strain B171 and EHEC strain Sakai but are not present in E2348/69 are the EspM and TccP/TccP2 families (41). In contrast, EspJ, which is involved in inhibition of receptormediated phagocytosis (23), is present in E2348/69 and EHEC strain Sakai but is not present in EPEC strain B171. Interestingly, there are no homologues of any of Sakai's non-phageencoded effectors in Sakai in E2348/69, except a degraded gene for an EspL family protein (Table 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genome Analysis of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O127:H6 Strain E2348/69

et al. 2009

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Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) was the first pathovar of E. coli to be implicated in human disease; however, no EPEC strain has been fully sequenced until now. Strain E2348/69 (serotype O127:H6 belonging to E. coli phylogroup B2) has been used worldwide as a prototype strain to study EPEC biology, genetics, and virulence. Studies of E2348/69 led to the discovery of the locus of enterocyte effacement-encoded type III secretion system (T3SS) and its cognate effectors, which play a vital role in attaching and effacing lesion formation on gut epithelial cells. In this study, we determined the complete genomic sequence of E2348/69 and performed genomic comparisons with other important E. coli strains. We identified 424 E2348/69-specific genes, most of which are carried on mobile genetic elements, and a number of genetic traits specifically conserved in phylogroup B2 strains irrespective of their pathotypes, including the absence of the ETT2-related T3SS, which is present in E. coli strains belonging to all other phylogroups. The genome analysis revealed the entire gene repertoire related to E2348/69 virulence. Interestingly, E2348/69 contains only 21 intact T3SS effector genes, all of which are carried on prophages and integrative elements, compared to over 50 effector genes in enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157. As E2348/69 is the most-studied pathogenic E. coli strain, this study provides a genomic context for the vast amount of existing experimental data. The unexpected simplicity of the E2348/69 T3SS provides the first opportunity to fully dissect the entire virulence strategy of attaching and effacing pathogens in the genomic context. Escherichia coli is important because it is biology's premier model organism, is a common commensal of the vertebrate gut, and is a versatile pathogen of humans and animals. Molecular epidemiological studies have classified E. coli strains into a number of phylogroups (phylogroups A, B1, B2, D, and E) (13, 42), which are estimated to have diverged in the last 5 to 9 million years (37, 42). Commensal E. coli strains are beneficial to the host and rarely cause disease. However, several clones of E. coli are responsible for a spectrum of diseases, including urinary tract infection, sepsis/meningitis, and diarrhea (for a review, see reference 15). Diarrheagenic E. coli strains are divided into enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), en-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genome Analysis of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O127:H6 Strain E2348/69

et al. 2009

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“…EIEC/Shigella escape submucosal macrophages by induction of macrophage cell death followed by basolateral invasion of colonocytes and lateral spread. tory functions, Nle effectors such as EspJ have antiphagocytic properties (130), while NleA alters host protein secretion (131) and tight junction integrity (132) and inhibits vesicle trafficking (133). NleH is capable of modulating apoptotic response (134).…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Understanding Enteric Pathogenic Escherichia coli

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY Although Escherichia coli can be an innocuous resident of the gastrointestinal tract, it also has the pathogenic capacity to cause significant diarrheal and extraintestinal diseases. Pathogenic variants of E. coli (pathovars or pathotypes) cause much morbidity and mortality worldwide. Consequently, pathogenic E. coli is widely studied in humans, animals, food, and the environment. While there are many common features that these pathotypes employ to colonize the intestinal mucosa and cause disease, the course, onset, and complications vary significantly. Outbreaks are common in developed and developing countries, and they sometimes have fatal consequences. Many of these pathotypes are a major public health concern as they have low infectious doses and are transmitted through ubiquitous mediums, including food and water. The seriousness of pathogenic E. coli is exemplified by dedicated national and international surveillance programs that monitor and track outbreaks; unfortunately, this surveillance is often lacking in developing countries. While not all pathotypes carry the same public health profile, they all carry an enormous potential to cause disease and continue to present challenges to human health. This comprehensive review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the intestinal pathotypes of E. coli .

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“…These particular immune cell types are modeled by macrophage-like cell lines such as J774 and U937, and using these models, it was found that EPEC resists uptake by professional phagocytes . Macrophage-like cell lines also enabled the identification of EspF, EspJ, and EspH effector functions, in targeting independent aspects of the phagocytic function of mammalian macrophages (Quitard et al 2006;Marchès et al 2008;Dong et al 2010). Macrophage-like cells were also used to show that EspT plays a role in triggering the production of central immune mediators (Raymond et al 2011).…”

Section: In Vitro Infection Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Model Systems for Studying Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infections

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et al. 2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

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Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) belong to a group of bacteria known as attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogens that cause disease by adhering to the lumenal surfaces of their host's intestinal epithelium. EPEC and EHEC are major causes of infectious diarrhea that result in significant childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent advances in in vitro and in vivo modeling of these pathogens have contributed to our knowledge of how EPEC and EHEC attach to host cells and subvert hostcell signaling pathways to promote infection and cause disease. A more detailed understanding of how these pathogenic microbes infect their hosts and how the host responds to infection could ultimately lead to new therapeutic strategies to help control these significant enteric pathogens.

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EspJ of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli inhibits opsono-phagocytosis

Cited by 70 publications

References 60 publications

Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genome Analysis of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O127:H6 Strain E2348/69

Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genome Analysis of Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli O127:H6 Strain E2348/69

Recent Advances in Understanding Enteric Pathogenic Escherichia coli

In Vitro and In Vivo Model Systems for Studying Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infections

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