ESR-dating of the fossil hominid cranium from Petralona Cave, Greece

Hennig, G. J.; Herr, W.; Weber, E.; Xirotiris, N.

doi:10.1038/292533a0

Cited by 69 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Our studies were conducted using captive chimpanzees whose geographic origins are, in most cases, uncertain (see Table 3). As is evident from the careful electrophoretic study of polymorphic proteins by Goodman (22)(23)(24). Thus, we conclude, tentatively, that mtDNA diversity is related to species ape in hominoids., Implications for Primate Management.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Extensive polymorphism in the mitochondrial DNA of apes.

Ferris¹,

Brown²,

Davidson³

et al. 1981

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

142

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Ape species are 2-10 times more variable than the human species with respect to the nucleotide sequence of mtDNA, even though ape populations have been smaller than the human population for at least 10,000 years. This finding was made by comparing purified mtDNAs from 27 individuals with the aid of 25 restriction endonucleases; for an additional 59 individuals, comparisons were made with fewer enzymes by using the blot hybridization method. The amount of intraspecific sequence divergence was greatest between orangutans of Borneo and Sumatra. Among common chimpanzees, a large component of the variation is due to two highly distinct forms of mtDNA that may reflect a major geographic subdivision. The least amount of sequence variation occurred among lowland gorillas, which exhibit only twice as much sequence variation as humans. The large intraspecific differences among apes, together with the geological and protein evidence, leads us to propose that each ape species is the remnant of an ancient and widespread population that became subdivided geographically and reduced in size and range, perhaps by hominid competition. The low variation among human mtDNAs is consistent with geological evidence that the human species is young. The distribution of site changes within the mitochondrial genome was also examined. Comparison of closely related mtDNAs shows that the ribosomal RNA genes have diverged more slowly than the rest of the genome.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Extensive polymorphism in the mitochondrial DNA of apes.

Ferris¹,

Brown²,

Davidson³

et al. 1981

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

142

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“…The asymmetric EPR singlet is derived from paramagnetic centres radiation induced in bone mineral (Figure 1c). It has been calculated that the lifespan of these centres is extremely high [9 · 10 7 years at 15°C and 1.9 · 10 5 years at 37°C] (Henning et al 1980). The concentration of these centres was also determined to be proportional to the EPR signal intensity in a dose dependent relationship (Figures 2, 3b and 4).…”

Section: Interdisciplinary Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation as a Safety Procedure in Tissue Banking

Dziedzic‐Goclawska

Kamiński

Uhrynowska-Tyszkiewicz

et al. 2005

Cell Tissue Banking

168

118

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The Central Tissue Bank in Warsaw was established in 1963 and since then ionising radiation has been routinely applied to sterilise tissue grafts. Connective tissue grafts such as bone, cartilage, tendons, sclera, pericardium, skin, acellular dermis and amnion irradiated with a dose of 35 kGy in a (60)Co source and/or with an electron beam 10 MeV accelerator are prepared in our Tissue Bank and two other multi-tissue banks operating in Poland. Over 250,000 radiation-sterilised tissue grafts have been prepared and used in hospitals throughout Poland and no infectious disease transmission or other adverse post-transplantation reactions have been reported up to today. It should be kept in mind however, that high doses of ionising radiation can evoke numerous chemical and physical changes that may affect the biological quality of tissue allografts. Therefore, interdisciplinary research has been undertaken at the Central Tissue Bank in Warsaw to establish the origin and stability of free radicals and other paramagnetic entities induced by irradiation in bone. The effects of various preservation procedures (e.g. lyophilisation, deep-freezing) and irradiation conditions (doses, temperature of irradiation) on the osteoinductive potential and mechanical properties of bone and on the degradation of collagen, a major constituent of all connective tissue grafts, have been also studied. The results of these studies indicate that radiation-induced changes can be diminished by modification of tissue preservation methods and that, to some extent, it is possible to reduce undesired radiation-induced damage to the tissue grafts.

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“…Ikeya & Miki (1980) reported that ESR signals could be seen, enhaneed by gamma radiation, and also that Hiroshima victims who were subjeeted to intense amounts of gamma radiation had bones with an artificially high ESR signal. Hennig et al (1981) reported results from a fossil hominid cranium from Petralona Cave, Greece.…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron spin resonance dating of human teeth from the Namu burial ground, Taumako, Solomon Islands

Whitehead

Devine²,

Leach

1986

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Dentine sampies of 50 mg were drilled from the pulp cavity region ofhuman incisors from aseries ofburials on the Po1ynesian outlier ofTaumako in the Solomon Islands. Electron~pin resonance (ESR) spectra were obtafned, and the height ofthe peak near g = 2.002 compared with that for an interna1 ruby standard was used for dating purposes. The 15 archaeologica1 specimens fit into a tight chronological sequence, and the age of the buria1 ground was dated by radiocarbon to A.D.1530 ± 50 years. Where independent stratigraphic information exists on the relative ages of burials, the ESR results are in the correct relative order; Calculated age differences between these burials are as low as 2 years.

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ESR-dating of the fossil hominid cranium from Petralona Cave, Greece

Cited by 69 publications

References 8 publications

Extensive polymorphism in the mitochondrial DNA of apes.

Extensive polymorphism in the mitochondrial DNA of apes.

Irradiation as a Safety Procedure in Tissue Banking

Electron spin resonance dating of human teeth from the Namu burial ground, Taumako, Solomon Islands

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