ESS Accelerator Cryoplant Process Design

Wang, Xilong; Arnold, Philipp; Hees, Wolfgang; Hildenbeutel, J.; Weisend, J. G.

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/101/1/012012

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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Section: Cryogenic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ACCP is the largest and most complicated of the ESS cryoplants. The cooling requirements and the initial concept design have been developed and improved over the years [107][108][109][110][111].Architecture.The ACCP consists of a warm compressor, oil handling and gas management station, located in the ACCP compressor building, and one single coldbox, located in the cold box building. The simplified block diagram in figure 60 shows the main components of the ACCP, consisting of:…”

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The European Spallation Source Design

et al. 2017

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The ESS Design: Accelerator 6The ESS Design: Target 66The ESS Design: Controls 93The ESS Design: Conventional Facilities 109Physica ScriptaPhys. Scr. 93 (2018) 014001 (121pp) https://doi.org/10. 1088/1402-4896/aa9bff This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivs 3.0 licence. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivs 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Neutron scattering is a well-developed and extensively used means to get access to fundamental properties of biological matter as well as of physical materials. Until the end of the twentieth century that was mainly practiced with-and limited in performance by-the continuous flux of neutrons from ageing nuclear reactors (e.g. the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), the flagship of neutron research in Europe and in the world) [1]). Looking forward to the following two decades, an OECD report published in 1998 diagnosed the foreseeable decrease of the number of operational facilities [2] and the need to progress in performance. Considering the high scientific interest and the increasing importance of the subject for society at large, the report concluded by strongly recommending the construction of next generation neutron sources in America, Europe and Asia. Pulsed spallation neutron sources (SNS) using a proton beam power exceeding 1 MW were specifically mentioned as the most interesting high performance facilities in the future landscape of neutron laboratories.The USA was the first country to follow this advice by building the SNS in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) which started in 2006 [3, 4]. Japan followed in 2009 with the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Centre (J-PARC) in Tokai [5,6]. In Europe, the subject was part of a concerted effort to further develop the European world-leading largescale research infrastructures suite. In 2003, the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI), set up by the Research Ministries of the Member States and associated countries, concluded that a 5 MW long-pulse, single target station layout with nominally 22 'public' instruments was the optimum technical reference design for an European Spallation Source (ESS) that would meet the needs of the European science community in the second quarter of the century [7].Six years later, in 2009, it materialised in a real project with the adoption of the site of Lund (Sweden). A preconstruction phase followed until the end of 2013 during which the design was finalised [8]. Construction then started with the first neutron beams planned to be available in 2019, and the ESS facility to be operational at full performance in 2025.2 Description 2.1 Principle and specifics. The high level parameters of ESS are shown in table 1. As at SNS and J-PARC, neutrons at ESS are produced by spallation, when the 2 GeV protons hit the meta...

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Section: Cryogenic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The European Spallation Source Design

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“…The CDS overall heat load at ~4K is dominated by the non-isothermal part in the VLP return circuit. According to [2] the ACCP has a specified heat load performance of 627W in our current configuration (with possibility to increase) and in [5] it is shown that the measured ACCP loads do even exceed this value. We have reasons to believe that the combined heat load of the CDS is adequate to support the SCL once the TAO have been removed.…”

Section: Static Heat Load Determinationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Commissioning of the cryogenic distribution system of the ESS superconducting linac

Arnold,

Asensi,

Elias

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a neutron-scattering facility being built with extensive international collaboration in Lund, Sweden. An essential part of the project is the linear 2.0 GeV proton accelerator. Its superconducting part is designed to comprise 13 spoke and 30 elliptical cryomodules that are cooled at 2K. The cryogenic distribution system (CDS) connects the refrigeration plant with the cryomodules via multi-transfer lines, individual valveboxes for every cryomodule and an endbox. It is designed, manufactured and installed under the responsibility of two ESS in-kind partners. The CDS for the spoke cryomodules (CDS-SL) is supplied by IJCLab, France, the CDS for the elliptical cryomodules (CDS-EL) is supplied by WUST, Poland. Pre-commissioning, commissioning and operation is done by ESS whereby IFJ PAN contributed with valuable advice. Pre-commissioning activities like loop checks, temperature curve validation, pressure sensor calibration or valve initialization and leak tightness tests followed after mechanical or electrical completion of the respective CDS parts and started in summer 2022. Eventually, the system was ready for commissioning and a first cooldown was performed in December 2022. Goal of this commissioning was to acceptance test and check off the system before pilot cryomodule installation in the tunnel started in March 2023. The paper describes diverse challenges regarding TAO and cryo operation. Test results, lessons learnt, and required modifications are discussed as well as preliminary results of retesting and an outlook.

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“…The expected electrical consumption for the 2 K nominal (Table 2) with the full warm compression solution is around 1.9 MW.  Hybrid compression using cold compressors in the refrigerator cold box and warm subatmospheric compressors ( [2] and [6]). The suction pressure of the warm sub-atmospheric compressors shall be adapted to the required turndown capability.…”

Section: The Sub-atmospheric Compressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary studies of the MINERVA cryogenic supply system

Michel,

Berkowitz Zamora,

Bonne

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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MYRRHA (Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications) will be composed of a 600 MeV LINear ACcelerator (LINAC) with a large number of cryomodules and a 100 MW thermal power subcritical nuclear reactor cooled by lead-bismuth. The MINERVA MYRRHA Isotopes productioN coupling the linEar acceleRator to the Versatile proton target fAcility) project is the first phase of the MYRRHA project composed of a 100 MeV, 4 mA continuous-wave proton LINAC. The MINERVA LINAC takes advantage of 60 superconducting radiofrequency (RF) cavities cooled at 2 K by saturated superfluid helium (He II). The MINERVA cryoplant will supply the required cryogenic cooling power of the LINAC through cryogenic lines and cryogenic valve boxes. This paper describes the LINAC cryogenic system supply architecture, the different operating modes, the heat loads, the cryoplant main requirements and the strategy to comply with high reliability requirements. The MINERVA cryoplant shall provide helium flows at 40 K for the thermal shielding, at 5 K for the cooling of the RF couplers and at 2 K for the 60 superconducting cavities installed in 30 cryomodules. The total equivalent refrigeration power of the MINERVA cryoplant is about 3.5 kW at 4.5 K. The cryoplant is composed of a warm compression station including sub-atmospheric volumetric compressors, helium gas storages and a refrigeration cold box with cold centrifugal compressors.

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ESS Accelerator Cryoplant Process Design

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

The European Spallation Source Design

The European Spallation Source Design

Commissioning of the cryogenic distribution system of the ESS superconducting linac

Preliminary studies of the MINERVA cryogenic supply system

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