Essential gains and health after upper-limb tetraplegia surgery identified by the International classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF)

Abstract

The functional gains achieved after tetraplegia surgery could be applied to the ICF constructs' body functions/structures and activity with possible implications on participation. The overall health perception was relatively high and could be linked to the degree of satisfaction among participants. Muscle strength is not necessarily transferable to activity performance. This emphasizes the importance of addressing factors other than strength in the post-surgical rehabilitation and assessments.

Evidence for efficacy of new developments in reconstructive upper limb surgery for tetraplegia

“…Restoration of elbow extension is possible in injuries at or below C5 level, either by a posterior deltoid or a biceps to triceps transfer (DeBenedetti, 1979; Kozin et al., 2010; Lacey et al., 1986; Leclercq et al., 2008; Mulcahey et al., 2003). Tendon transfer surgery in tetraplegia increases independence, improves daily activities and self-catheterization, with improved quality of life and high patient satisfaction (Bernuz et al., 2011; Bunketorp-Kall et al., 2017a, 2017b; Meiners et al., 2002; Reinholdt and Friden, 2013; Wangdell et al., 2014; Wuolle et al., 2003). Its role is summarized in a recent review (Friden and Lieber, 2019).…”

Outcomes of reconstructive hand surgery in patients with tetraplegia and neuropathic pain

“…The pain influences many aspects of the person's life and also can affect quality of life [1]. Reconstruction of hand function in tetraplegia has the potential to improve independence and to facilitate a more active lifestyle [6][7][8] as well as positively affect psychological aspects and quality of life [9][10][11]. Being physically active seems to decrease pain [12].…”