Essential Oil Analysis by GC-MS and Analgesic Activity of Lippia citriodora and Citrus limon

Kaskoos, Raad A

doi:10.1080/0972060x.2019.1603123

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The major chemical constituents of Citrus EOs are monoterpene hydrocarbons and limonene [10] . The EOs of C. limon comprises D‐limonene, γ‐terpinene, α‐pinene, β‐pinene, and many other compounds [11] . The content of this EO is also affected by many factors, such as variety, harvest year, fruit maturity, and the extraction system [12–16] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] The EOs of C. limon comprises Dlimonene, γ-terpinene, α-pinene, β-pinene, and many other compounds. [11] The content of this EO is also affected by many factors, such as variety, harvest year, fruit maturity, and the extraction system. [12 -16] α-Pinene plays a role in the inhibition of caspase-3, which is related to cell apoptosis and therefore has anticancer effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation in Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Four Citrus Species: Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and Citrus reticulata

Cai

et al. 2022

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Species of the genus Citrus are cultivated in many regions of China and are widely used for medicinal purposes. In the present study, essential oils (EOs) were extracted from four different Citrus species using steam distillation. The chemical components of these four essential oils were separated using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and 52 compounds were confirmed. D‐limonene was found to be the most abundant compound. All four essential oils demonstrated varied but remarkable radical scavenging capacity (IC50; 0.77–13.9 %). Citrus paradisi essential oil exhibited excellent antioxidant activity. Compared to ibuprofen, topical application of the four Citrus spp. essential oils significantly inhibited ear edema formation in mice. Furthermore, essential oils from the four Citrus species reduced the expression levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and nuclear transcription factor kappa B p65 (NF‐κB) to different degrees. The cytotoxicity of the four essential oils on BV2 microglial cells was determined using the MTT assay (IC50; 321.37–1558.87 μg/mL), wherein Citrus limon essential oil showed the lowest cytotoxicity. The essential oils of Citrus limon, Citrus reticulata, and Citrus paradisi had an inhibitory effect on the lung cancer cell lines H1299 by inducing a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Cluster and principal component analyses were used to determine the relationship among the Citrus species. These results suggest that the four Citrus essential oils have potential for use as active ingredients in functional foods or cosmeceutical products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Four Citrus Species: Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and Citrus reticulata

Cai

et al. 2022

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…Essential oils are the very small, quintessential, most concentrated drops of herbs. Sometimes it's just aromatic molecules formed through regulatory functions in the stems of plants that make them attractive, seduce, bring vitality, freshness, and bring richness to life [1][2][3]. It is a mixture of soluble organic substances with a characteristic odor.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Influencing Factors and Technological Processes for the Production of Orange Essential Oil (Citrus sinensis) on Equipment Semi-industrial Distillation

et al. 2022

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In recent years, essential oils extracted from different plant species have become increasingly popular in the production of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and foods. The essential oil from orange (Citrus sinensis) is important in large-scale applications due to its antibacterial, antioxidant activities, and pleasant aroma. In this study, factors affecting the production of orange essential oil on a distillation device with an operating capacity of 50 L/batch, including the ratio of material to water, temperature, and time distillation, have been surveyed. Through the survey, it was found that the raw materials were pureed, the materials: water ratio was 1:3 g/g, the water heating temperature was 130 °C, and the distillation time was 140 min. The yield of the essential oil was 1.8 mL/g with compounds limonene accounting for 98%, α-Pinene (0.655–0.734%), and β-Pinene (1.114 and 1.163%) by the GC-MS method. The review also found that the hydrodistillation equipment was designed to be suitable for the semi-industrial scales of orange essential oil due to its stable yield and volatile compounds contained in the essential oil.

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“…Swingle) [4]. The main components of the C. limon EO (LEO) are represented by monoterpenoids [5][6][7]. In particular, LEO is a complex mixture of limonene, γ-terpinene, citral, linalool, β-caryophyllene, α-pinene, and β-pinene [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Properties of a Citral-Enriched Fraction of Citrus limon Essential Oil

Pucci

Raimondo

Zichittella

et al. 2020

Foods

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Lemon essential oil (LEO) is a well-known flavoring agent with versatile biological activities. In the present study, we have isolated and characterized four citral-enriched fractions of winter LEO. We reported that in murine and human macrophages the pre-treatment with a mix of these fractions (Cfr-LEO) reduces the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 induced by LPS. In addition, Cfr-LEO counteracts LPS-induced oxidative stress, as shown by the increase in the GSH/GSSG ratio in comparison to cells treated with LPS alone. Overall, the results reported here encourage the application of EO fractions, enriched in citral, in the nutraceutical industry, not only for its organoleptic properties but also for its protective action against inflammation and oxidative stress.

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Essential Oil Analysis by GC-MS and Analgesic Activity of Lippia citriodora and Citrus limon

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Variation in Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Four Citrus Species: Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and Citrus reticulata

Variation in Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Four Citrus Species: Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, Citrus paradisi, and Citrus reticulata

Evaluation of Influencing Factors and Technological Processes for the Production of Orange Essential Oil (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) on Equipment Semi-industrial Distillation

Biological Properties of a Citral-Enriched Fraction of Citrus limon Essential Oil

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