Essential Oil Profiles of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants

Ogunwande, Isiaka A.; Ogunbinu, Akinola O.; Flamini, Guido; Cioni, Pier Luigi; Okeniyi, Sunday O.

doi:10.1080/0972060x.2009.10643715

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The main classes of compounds present in the leaf oil were aliphatic acids. The chemical components of essential oil of the whole plant of specie of the plant crateva religiosa Fost have been previously reported (Ogunwande et al, 2009) to have 43.5 and 41.1% oxygenated monoterpenes and aliphatic compounds, respectively. While major constituents are linalool (30.2%) and nonanal (17.2%) and it contains no sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, there were differences in the chemicals constituents of the essential oil of the leaves to that of the whole plant as reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the essential oils of Crateva Adansonii dc. Leaf on Sitophilus Zeamais and Callosobrunchus Maculatus

Sanyaolu¹,

Agboyinu²,

Yussuf³

et al. 2020

Ife Journal of Science

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This study was conducted to determine the insecticidal activity of essential oil of Crateva adansonii against adult S. zeamaise and C. maculatus. The essential oil was obtained from the leaves of the plant using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The experimental data generated from the insecticidal assay results were analysed using statistical tool (ANOVA). GC/MS analysis revealed the presence of 52 compounds but with a low total yield of volatile fractions (0.1%). The major constituents of the oil were n-hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) (14.68%), Phytol (14.21%), 9,12-octadecanoic acid (Z,Z)-(linoleic acid)(5.81%), linalool (5.75%). Insecticidal bioassays showed that Crateva adansonii oil had a strong insecticidal activity on adult test insects they were exposed to at different concentrations and periods. An increase in the exposure time from 24 h to 72 h caused increase in mortality from 35.5% to 100% in S. zeamais and 31.1% to 100% in C. maculatus, respectively. According to these results, Crateva adansonii essential oil can be useful as an alternative for beans and maize protection against C. maculatus and S. zeamais.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the essential oils of Crateva Adansonii dc. Leaf on Sitophilus Zeamais and Callosobrunchus Maculatus

Sanyaolu¹,

Agboyinu²,

Yussuf³

et al. 2020

Ife Journal of Science

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“…The resistant of bacteria towards antimicrobial agents, increase in treatment costs and the adverse effects of synthetic drugs have necessitated the development of alternative, safe, efficient, and cost-effective natural medicines from plants [17,18] and microbes [19][20][21]. Natural drugs are relatively cheaper; they have fewer side effects, better patient tolerance, and are acceptable due to a long history of use [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Cassia alata (Linn.) leaves, stem, and root extracts against cellulitis causative agent Staphylococcus aureus

Toh

Lihan

Bunya

et al. 2023

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Cellulitis is a common skin disease encountered in medical emergencies in hospitals. It can be treated using a combination of antibiotics therapy; however, the causative agent Staphylococcus aureus has been reported to develop resistance towards the currently used antibiotics. Therefore, the search for more alternative herbal origin antimicrobial agents is critical. Aim: In this study, maceration and Soxhlet extraction of the whole plant of Cassia alata Linn. (leaves, roots, and stem) were performed using four solvents with different polarities, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and distilled water. The crude extracts were screened using agar well diffusion, colorimetric broth microdilution, grid culture and bacterial growth curve analysis against Staphylococcus aureus. The phytochemicals in the crude extracts were identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Results Agar-well diffusion analysis revealed that extraction using ethyl acetate showed the largest inhibition zone with an average diameter of 15.30 mm (root Soxhlet extract) followed by 14.70 mm (leaf Soxhlet extract) and 13.70 mm (root maceration extract). The lowest minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration in root Soxhlet extract using ethyl acetate was 0.313 and 0.625 µg µL−1, respectively. Our study proved that crude extract of the plant suppressed the growth of S. aureus as evidenced from a significant regression extension (p < 0.06, p = 0.00003) of lag phase for 6 h after the treatment with increased concentration. Based on the GC–MS analysis, 88 phytochemicals consist of fatty acids, esters, alkanes, phenols, fatty alcohols, sesquiterpenoids and macrocycle that possibly contributed to the antimicrobial properties were identified, 32 of which were previously characterized for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Conclusion Ethyl acetate crude extract was better than the other investigated solvents. The root and stem of C. alata showed significant antimicrobial efficacy against S. aureus in this study. The remaining 56 out of 88 phytochemicals of the plant should be intensively studied for more medicinal uses.

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“…The major constituents are linalool (30.2%) and nonanal (17.2%), and it contains no sesquiterpene hydrocarbons [45]. The leaves are also known to have a disagreeable smell when crushed [29].…”

Section: Constituent Phytochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesser Known Aromatic Plants in Nigeria

Igoli¹,

Igoli²

2017

Aromatic and Medicinal Plants - Back to Nature

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Herbs and spices are used in all cultures as natural foodstufs and for medicinal purposes.Siphonochilus aethiopicus, Monodora myristica and Crateva adansonii are some of the spices which are not commonly used. They improve the taste of food, and through their antioxidant, anti-microbial and anti-fungal properties, they could act as food preservatives.There is an accumulation of evidence for the usage of these spices medicinally as antiinlammatory, anti-plasmodial, anti-sickling, anti-oxidant and chemopreventive agents. There have also been investigations to identify the active constituents of these spices and to verify their pharmacological actions. This article aims at reviewing the available data on these investigations and the basis for usage in several diseases and conditions.

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Essential Oil Profiles of Some Nigerian Medicinal Plants

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the essential oils of <i>Crateva Adansonii</i> dc. Leaf on <i>Sitophilus Zeamais</i> and <i>Callosobrunchus Maculatus</i>

Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the essential oils of <i>Crateva Adansonii</i> dc. Leaf on <i>Sitophilus Zeamais</i> and <i>Callosobrunchus Maculatus</i>

In vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Cassia alata (Linn.) leaves, stem, and root extracts against cellulitis causative agent Staphylococcus aureus

Lesser Known Aromatic Plants in Nigeria

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