Essential oils, chemical constituents, antioxidant, antibacterial and in vitro cytotoxic activity of different Thymus species and Zataria multiflora collected from Iran

Golkar, Pooran; Mosavat, Nima; Jalali, Seyed Amir Hossein

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2019.12.005

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This study investigated the effect of different environmental factors on EO production, the content of specific EO compounds as well as on chemotype of different Z. multiflora populations. The EO values (up to 5.89% dry weight) detected in 14 populations in Iran were higher than those reported previously in the literature including 1.2% to 3.4% (Hadian et al, 2011a), 2.91% to 4% (Sadeghi et al, 2015), and 1.93% to 2.22% (Golkar et al, 2020). The EO content can be affected by geological, climatic, and edaphic characteristics as well as harvesting time.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Variation of Secondary Metabolite Profile of Zataria multiflora Boiss. Populations Linked to Geographic, Climatic, and Edaphic Factors

et al. 2020

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Geographic location and connected environmental and edaphic factors like temperature, rainfall, soil type, and composition influence the presence and the total content of specific plant compounds as well as the presence of a certain chemotype. This study evaluated whether geographic, edaphic, and climatic information can be utilized to predict the presence of specific compounds from medicinal or aromatic plants. Furthermore, we tested rapid analytical methods based on near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) coupled with gas chromatography/flame ionization (GC/FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analytical methods for characterization and classification metabolite profiling of Zataria multiflora Boiss. populations. Z. multiflora is an aromatic, perennial plant with interesting pharmacological and biological properties. It is widely dispersed in Iran as well as in Pakistan and Afghanistan. Here, we studied the effect of environmental factors on essential oil (EO) content and the composition and distribution of chemotypes. Our results indicate that this species grows predominantly in areas rich in calcium, iron, potassium, and aluminum, with mean rainfall of 40.46 to 302.72 mm•year −1 and mean annual temperature of 14.90°C to 28.80°C. EO content ranged from 2.75% to 5.89%. Carvacrol (10.56-73.31%), thymol (3.51-48.12%), linalool (0.90-55.38%), and pcymene (1.66-13.96%) were the major constituents, which classified 14 populations into three chemotypes. Corresponding to the phytochemical cluster analysis, the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) based on NIR data also recognized the carvacrol, thymol, and linalool chemotypes. Hence, NIR has the potential to be applied as a useful tool to determine rapidly the chemotypes of Z. multiflora and similar herbs. EO and EO constituent content correlated with different geographic location, climate, and edaphic factors. The structural equation models (SEMs) approach revealed direct effects of soil factors (texture, phosphor, pH) and mostly indirect effects of latitude and altitude directly

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Variation of Secondary Metabolite Profile of Zataria multiflora Boiss. Populations Linked to Geographic, Climatic, and Edaphic Factors

et al. 2020

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“…The EOs of Thymus spp. are usually used in traditional medicine due to the presence of their natural preservative compounds [ 195 , 196 ]. Dry and fresh leaves of thyme have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and skin disorders.…”

Section: Bioactive Compounds From Eos Of Spice Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Natural Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Spice Plants: New Findings and Potential Applications

et al. 2020

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Spice plants have a great influence on world history. For centuries, different civilizations have used them to condiment the foods of kings and nobles and applied them as embalming preservatives, perfumes, cosmetics, and medicines in different regions of the world. In general, these plants have formed the basis of traditional medicine and some of their derived substances have been utilized to treat different human diseases. Essential oils (EOs) obtained from these plants have been also used as therapeutic agents and have shown supportive uses in remedial practices. The discovery and development of bioactive compounds from these natural products, based on their traditional uses, play an important role in developing the scientific evidence of their potential pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food applications. In the present review, using recent studies, we exhibit a general overview of the main aspects related to the importance of spice plants widely used in traditional medicine: Cinnamomum zeylanicum (true cinnamon), Mentha piperita (peppermint), Ocimum basilicum (basil), Origanum vulgare (oregano), Piper nigrum (black pepper), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), and Thymus vulgaris (thyme); and we discuss new findings of the bioactive compounds obtained from their EOs, their potential applications, as well as their molecular mechanisms of action, focusing on their antioxidant activity. We also exhibit the main in vitro methods applied to determine the antioxidant activities of these natural products.

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“…In addition to the above-mentioned microorganisms, Rosmarinus officinalis was also effective against Enterococcus faecalis , Klebsiella pneumoniae [ 48 ], and Pseudomanas aeruginosa [ 43 ]. The antibacterial activity of the most widely used EOs from Thymus species, which belong to the Lamiaceae family, was also demonstrated against several microorganisms such as Salmonella typhi , Salmonella typhimurium , Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumonia , Bacillus cereus , Pseudomanas aeruginosa , Proteus mirabilis , Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Listeria monocytogenes [ 16 , 52 , 53 , 54 ]. On the other hand, the EO from Origanum vulgare (oregano) was one of the most effective EOs against microorganisms.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activities Of Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These components are the dominant phenolic compounds present not only in origanum EO but also in EO from Thymus species. Several Thymus species were found rich in both carvacrol and thymol and observed to have a high antioxidant activity including Thymus vulgaris L. [ 33 , 52 , 159 ], Thymus capitatus L. [ 53 ], and Thymus daenensis [ 52 , 160 ]. On the other hand, although Ali et al [ 16 ] and Zouari et al [ 68 ] reported that these components were either absent or at a low amount in the composition of Thymus algeriensis L. Boiss.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activities Of Essential Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimycotoxigenic, and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils: An Updated Review

et al. 2020

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The interest in using natural antimicrobials instead of chemical preservatives in food products has been increasing in recent years. In regard to this, essential oils—natural and liquid secondary plant metabolites—are gaining importance for their use in the protection of foods, since they are accepted as safe and healthy. Although research studies indicate that the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oils (EOs) are more common compared to other biological activities, specific concerns have led scientists to investigate the areas that are still in need of research. To the best of our knowledge, there is no review paper in which antifungal and especially antimycotoxigenic effects are compiled. Further, the low stability of essential oils under environmental conditions such as temperature and light has forced scientists to develop and use recent approaches such as encapsulation, coating, use in edible films, etc. This review provides an overview of the current literature on essential oils mainly on antifungal and antimycotoxigenic but also their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Additionally, the recent applications of EOs including encapsulation, edible coatings, and active packaging are outlined.

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Essential oils, chemical constituents, antioxidant, antibacterial and in vitro cytotoxic activity of different Thymus species and Zataria multiflora collected from Iran

Cited by 40 publications

References 43 publications

Variation of Secondary Metabolite Profile of Zataria multiflora Boiss. Populations Linked to Geographic, Climatic, and Edaphic Factors

Variation of Secondary Metabolite Profile of Zataria multiflora Boiss. Populations Linked to Geographic, Climatic, and Edaphic Factors

Bioactive Natural Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Spice Plants: New Findings and Potential Applications

Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antimycotoxigenic, and Antioxidant Activities of Essential Oils: An Updated Review

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