-Chagas disease is a major neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It has been treated with the antiparasitic drugs nifurtimox and benzonidazole, which cause several side effects. The market for natural products has considerably grown lately and the use of plants has become an alternative to the development of novel drugs to cure the disease. Therefore, this study aimed at describing the chemical analysis of the essential oil from green fruits of Protium ovatum and evaluating their trypanocidal and cytotoxic potential. The essential oil was obtained by Clevenger hydrodistillation whereas its chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds found in the essential oil from green fruits of P. ovatum were β-myrcene (62.0 %), α-pinene (11.3 %) and limonene (7.3 %). To the best of our knowledge, this was the first time that the chemical composition of the essential oil from green fruits of P. ovatum was described. Results showed that the essential oil had strong trypanocidal activity against trypomastigote forms of theY strain of Trypanosoma cruzi (IC 50 = 1.2 µg/mL). In addition, the essential oil from green fruits of P. ovatum did not display cytotoxicity against LLCMK 2 adherent epithelial cell at the concentration range under analysis (CC 50 = 550.3 μg/mL). As a result, it is an excellent option for the development of novel antiparasitic drugs. Index terms: Protium ovatum, β-myrcene, fruits, essential oil, Trypanosoma cruzi, cytotoxic analysis.
Composição química, atividades anti-Trypanosoma cruzi e citotóxica do óleo essencial dos frutos verdes de Protium ovatum (BURSERACEAE)Resumo -A doença de Chagas é uma das principais doenças tropicais negligenciadas causadas pelo Trypanosoma cruzi, e em seu tratamento utilizam-se medicamentos como o nifurtimox e o benzonidazol, que causam vários efeitos colaterais. O mercado de produtos naturais tem aumentado consideravelmente nos últimos anos, e o uso das plantas continua sendo uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento de novos medicamentos para cura de doenças. Portanto, este estudo aborda a composição química do óleo essencial dos frutos verdes de Protium ovatum e a avaliação de seus potenciais tripanocida e citotóxico. O óleo essencial foi obtido por hidrodestilação, utilizando o aparato do tipo Clevenger. A composição química foi determinada por cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG-EM). Os principais compostos encontrados no óleo essencial dos frutos verdes de P. ovatum foram: β-mirceno (62,0 %), α-pineno (11,3 %) e limoneno (7,3 %).