Essential Oils of Some Orange Peels

Maekawa, Kazuyuki; Kodama, Mitsuo; Kushii, Mitsuo; Mitamura, Mitsutoshi

doi:10.1080/00021369.1967.10858818

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The aromatic properties and composition of sour orange PEO have been extensively studied and reviewed. The composition is dominated by hydrocarbon monoterpenes, low amounts of aliphatics and several sesquiterpenes [27][28][29][30]. The aromatic properties of sour orange LEO have been less studied than those of PEO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercultivar Diversity of Sour Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) Based on Genetic Markers, Phenotypic Characteristics, Aromatic Compounds and Sensorial Analysis

et al. 2021

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Sour oranges (Citrus aurantium L.) are well known in the processing and cosmetics industries for the aromatic properties of their essential oils. Intercultivar genetic and aromatic diversity is not well documented. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of morphological selection and genetic mechanisms of varietal diversification (mutation or hybridization) on the aromatic and odor variability of sour orange essential oils. Forty-five sour orange accessions from INRAE-CIRAD citrus Biological Resources Center (France) were assessed for ten simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 54 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, nine morphochemical fruit traits and with the aromatic components of leaf and peel essential oils. Thirty-nine sour oranges displayed no intercultivar molecular polymorphism and six genotypes originated from interspecific hybridizations involving sour orange, citron, pummelo or mandarin. The peel essential oil (PEO) diversity was low, in accordance with the genetic diversity. The predominance of limonene (>90%) prevents any possible correlation to be made between the composition and the variation in sensory profiles detected by panelists. Few compounds in the leaf essential oil (LEO), such as linalool, linalyl acetate, α-terpineol and geraniol were significantly different across sour oranges varieties. The morphological fruit attributes mainly used in varietal selection differed highly across the main genetically identical group of sour orange accessions. These results confirm that mutation can generate variability in aromatic compounds and aromas and that their exploitation requires an improvement in characterization processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercultivar Diversity of Sour Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) Based on Genetic Markers, Phenotypic Characteristics, Aromatic Compounds and Sensorial Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…In 1991, Boelens 8 published a review on the chemical composition of citrus oils, which listed only six articles dealing with bitter orange peel oils. Boelens can be acknowledged for highlighting that some erroneous data were published by Shaw, 9 Lawrence, 10 and Swaine and Swaine 11 in their reviews due to the misunderstanding of publications originally from Ortiz et al 12 and Maekawa et al 13 Twenty years later, Dugo et al 14 TA B L E 2 (Continued) decanal are also mentioned as compounds potentially present in bitter orange oil, which means that all in all only 12 volatile compounds are mentioned as components of bitter orange oil in ISO standard 9844. 24 The non-volatile compounds are not mentioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitter orange peel essential oil: A review of the different factors and chemical reactions influencing its composition

Gaff

Decloux

Giampaoli

2020

Flavour & Fragrance J

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This review summarizes the findings and discusses the results on the different factors that can influence the bitter orange peel oil composition. Small changes in composition can result in noticeable modifications of the odour profile of the essential oil. The analysis method appears to have a crucial effect on the number of compounds identified in the essential oil. Growing location, cultivar, ripening stage, storage conditions and extraction methods are reported to impact the bitter orange essential oil. Bitter orange peel oil should be stored at −21°C to prevent changes in the composition and formation of artefacts when storing for a period of several months. The influence of cultivars should not be neglected, since a few cultivars differ a lot from the main cluster of Citrus aurantium L. The geranyl pyrophosphate forms most of the terpenes present in the bitter orange, especially limonene which is the majority compound, by the action of the terpene synthases during growing of the fruit. The extraction method can also be responsible for some differences in the composition due to the absence of water‐soluble compounds in cold‐pressed oils and to acid‐catalysed reactions in hydrodistilled oils such as the decomposition of the linalyl acetate forming many different terpene derivatives.

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“…There have been several studies on the characteristic odor components of iyokan and yuzu. In iyokan, it has been shown that the content of limonene and linalool is high [13][14][15]. While in case of yuzu, in addition to the high content of limonene and linalool, speci c odorants such as (6z,8e)-6,8,10-undecatrien-3-one and (6z,8e)-6,8,10-undecatrien-4-ol have been found in its peel oil [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of The Odors of Japanese Citrus Iyokan (Citrus Iyo) and Yuzu (Citrus Junos) on Human Mood and Physiology

Ohata

Zhou²,

Ando³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The effects of the odors of natural essential oils on humans are divided into psychological and physiological effects, such as alertness and sedative effects, respectively. However, there are only a few studies on the effects of essential oils derived from materials specific to Japan. In this study, we focused on Japanese citrus fruits and determined the effects of essential oil aromas on human physiology and psychology.Methods: A total of 16 men and 16 women (aged, 20–24 years) participated in this study. Essential oils of the Japanese citrus iyokan (Citrus iyo) and yuzu (Citrus junos) were used as tests with the essential oils of Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis Valencia) used for comparison. Each essential oil was soaked in cotton and placed at the bottom of a vial and presented to the participant’s nose in a blind manner. The control was to breathe clean air for 2 min; the condition that inhaled the vapor of each essential oil for 2 min was compared to the control. Autonomic nervous activity was evaluated using the pupillary light reflex and fingertip temperature measurements; central nervous activity was assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. The mood and emotion changes before and after inhalation of each odor of the essential oils were examined using a visual analog scale and multiple mood scales.Results: The inhalation of essential oils from Japanese citrus fruits significantly increased miosis rate and fingertip temperature. Cerebral blood flow in the prefrontal area significantly increased. Subjectively, the feeling of fatigue was reduced, and the feeling of refreshment and concentration improved.Conclusions: Predominance of parasympathetic nerve activity was led by suppression of sympathetic nerve activity, suggesting that inhalation of essential oils from Japanese citrus fruits has a sedative effect on the body. Conversely, the cerebrum was activated due to an increase in cerebral blood flow. The reduction of fatigue and improvement of concentration observed in the subjective evaluation might be caused by the sedative effect on the body and the activation of the cerebrum.Trial registration: The trial registration number (TRN) is UMIN-CTR, UMIN000032773 and date of registration is May 30, 2018 (https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000037389).

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Essential Oils of Some Orange Peels

Cited by 10 publications

References 1 publication

Intercultivar Diversity of Sour Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) Based on Genetic Markers, Phenotypic Characteristics, Aromatic Compounds and Sensorial Analysis

Intercultivar Diversity of Sour Orange (Citrus aurantium L.) Based on Genetic Markers, Phenotypic Characteristics, Aromatic Compounds and Sensorial Analysis

Bitter orange peel essential oil: A review of the different factors and chemical reactions influencing its composition

Effects of The Odors of Japanese Citrus Iyokan (Citrus Iyo) and Yuzu (Citrus Junos) on Human Mood and Physiology

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