Establishing a Method to Evaluate the Maturity of Liquid Fertilizer by Liquid Fertilizer Germination Index (LFGI)

Halder, Joshua Nizel; Kim, Soo–Ryang; Kang, Taek–Won; Yabe, Mitsuyasu; Lee, Myunggyu

doi:10.5109/1686507

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The GI was 80% in the TAO efflux at 80%, rising to 135% after the EC process (Table 5 and Figure 4). The GIs for the FWAD and LSM were similar to those reported by Halder [49,91], where manure samples with higher EC, NH4-N, and TP concentrations had the lowest GI as the FWAD and LSM, respectively.…”

Section: Germination Index Assaysupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The AD had a higher nutrient concentration than did the LSM, particularly for NH 4 -N, conductivity, TS, and COD. Because the composition of manure differs between individual farms, the LSM influent in the present study had a higher nutrient load than that reported for public liquid manure recycling centers by Jeon [6] and Halder [49]. Because the AD was mixed with the LSM at a 1:9 ratio, the TAO influent had lower nutrient and heavy-metal concentrations than the raw AD influent.…”

Section: Removal Efficiency Of the Tao Systemmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The maturity of the samples was determined using the liquid fertilizer germination index (LFGI) [49]. The LFGI is a customized germination index based on the response of seeds to the phytotoxicity of liquid manure.…”

Section: Liquid Fertilizer Germination Index (Lfgi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seed GI was determined by multiplying the seed germination by the root elongation (RE) (GI% = (GR × RE)/100). Halder [49] provides more details for this process.…”

Section: Liquid Fertilizer Germination Index (Lfgi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilization of Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation and Electrocoagulation to Improve Fertilizer Quality from Mixed Manure Influent

et al. 2022

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Thermophilic aeration and electrochemical reactions are well-established methods for wastewater treatment to reduce metallic content, organic and inorganic matter, turbidity, coloration, and nutrient levels. In this study, thermophilic aerobic oxidation (TAO) and electrocoagulation (EC) were implemented together to improve the quality of liquid fertilizer by reducing the nutrient load and toxicity of swine manure. The influent in this study was prepared by mixing anaerobic digestate and liquid swine manure at a 1:9 ratio and treating it for 3 days at 50–60 °C in a field-scale TAO system. The TAO effluent was then processed in an EC reactor for 180 min with a 30 V electric supply through two sets of iron and aluminum hybrid electrodes. The combined TAO and EC processes led to a germination index of 133% using the final efflux. The high retention of important nutrients such as total nitrogen and potassium, combined with the 100% reduction in heavy metals, over 60% reduction in trace minerals, and 89% reduction in pollutants in the final product, helped to achieve a higher germination index. Overall, the combination of TAO and EC was demonstrated to be an effective technique for enhancing the quality of liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure.

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Section: Germination Index Assaysupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Removal Efficiency Of the Tao Systemmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Liquid Fertilizer Germination Index (Lfgi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seed GI was determined by multiplying the seed germination by the root elongation (RE) (GI% = (GR × RE)/100). Halder [49] provides more details for this process.…”

Section: Liquid Fertilizer Germination Index (Lfgi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilization of Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation and Electrocoagulation to Improve Fertilizer Quality from Mixed Manure Influent

et al. 2022

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Effect of pH adjustment on the liquefaction process of anaerobic digestate and seed germination

Byeon

Lee

Ryoo

et al. 2021

Journal of Animal Environmental Science

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This study aimed to survey the chemical change and germination effect of anaerobic digestate after pH adjustment and aerobic treatment. The amount of ammonia (NH 3 ) in swine slurry anaerobic digestates (SS AD) of pH 7.0 and pH 6.5 were lower than that of un-adjusted anaerobic digestate. Especially, the anaerobic digestate with pH 6.5 had the lowest NH 3 generation. The amount of NH 4 -N has been gradually decreasing in the untreated anaerobic digestate, however, the anaerobic digestates with pH 7.0 and pH 6.5 showed no significant changes. In the germination tests with different methods, the germination index (GI) of anaerobic digestates with pH 7.0 and pH 6.5 was higher than that of un-adjusted anaerobic digestate. Thus, the pH adjustment will be useful to decrease the gas generation such as NH 3 , which causes the odor generated from anaerobic digestate.

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Establishing a Method to Evaluate the Maturity of Liquid Fertilizer by Liquid Fertilizer Germination Index (LFGI)

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Utilization of Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation and Electrocoagulation to Improve Fertilizer Quality from Mixed Manure Influent

Utilization of Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation and Electrocoagulation to Improve Fertilizer Quality from Mixed Manure Influent

Effect of pH adjustment on the liquefaction process of anaerobic digestate and seed germination

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