Establishing causal relationships between sleep and adiposity traits using Mendelian randomization

Hayes, Bryony; Vabistsevits, Marina; Martin, Richard M; Lawlor, Deborah A; Richmond, Rebecca C; Robinson, Timothy

doi:10.1002/oby.23668

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These data are consistent with previous studies that have found that genetically predicted sleep traits (chronotype, daytime sleepiness, long/short sleep lengths, insomnia) were largely causally linked to an elevated risks of hypertension and heart failure 22 , 43 . Sleep traits have also been causally associated with cardiometabolic risk factors such as BMI, which may partly explain why positive associations between poor and moderate sleep qualities and BP were dramatically modulated in models further adjusted for BMI in our regression analyses 44 , 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Poor sleep and shift work associate with increased blood pressure and inflammation in UK Biobank participants

Kanki,

Nath,

Xiang

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Disrupted circadian rhythms have been linked to an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, many studies show inconsistent findings and are not sufficiently powered for targeted subgroup analyses. Using the UK Biobank cohort, we evaluate the association between circadian rhythm-disrupting behaviours, blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and inflammatory markers in >350,000 adults with European white British ancestry. The independent U-shaped relationship between sleep length and SBP/DBP is most prominent with a low inflammatory status. Poor sleep quality and permanent night shift work are also positively associated with SBP/DBP. Although fully adjusting for BMI in the linear regression model attenuated effect sizes, these associations remain significant. Two-sample Mendelian Randomisation (MR) analyses support a potential causal effect of long sleep, short sleep, chronotype, daytime napping and sleep duration on SBP/DBP. Thus, in the current study, we present a positive association between circadian rhythm-disrupting behaviours and SBP/DBP regulation in males and females that is largely independent of age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Poor sleep and shift work associate with increased blood pressure and inflammation in UK Biobank participants

Kanki,

Nath,

Xiang

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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“…However, it remains elusive whether the association between sleep duration and BMI is causal [60]. Sleep breathing disorders are also highly associated with obesity [61], and robust causal effects of insomnia on higher BMI have been reported in MR studies [62,63]. Regarding genetic risk, a previous study on the MGB Biobank indicated that a polygenic index for sleep duration was associated with obesity [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of a multidimensional polygenic sleep health score and a sleep lifestyle index on health outcomes and their interaction in a clinical biobank

Paz,

Wilcox,

Goodman

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Sleep is a complex behavior regulated by genetic and environmental factors, and is known to influence health outcomes. However, the effect of multidimensional sleep encompassing several sleep dimensions on diseases has yet to be fully elucidated. Using the Mass General Brigham Biobank, we aimed to examine the association of multidimensional sleep with health outcomes and investigate whether sleep behaviors modulate genetic predisposition to unfavorable sleep on mental health outcomes. First, we generated a Polygenic Sleep Health Score using previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms for sleep health and constructed a Sleep Lifestyle Index using data from self-reported sleep questions and electronic health records; second, we performed phenome-wide association analyses between these indexes and clinical phenotypes; and third, we analyzed the interaction between the indexes on prevalent mental health outcomes. Fifteen thousand eight hundred and eighty-four participants were included in the analysis (mean age 54.4; 58.6% female). The Polygenic Sleep Health Score was associated with the Sleep Lifestyle Index (β=0.050, 95%CI=0.032, 0.068) and with 114 disease outcomes spanning 12 disease groups, including obesity, sleep, and substance use disease outcomes (p<3.3×10−5). The Sleep Lifestyle Index was associated with 458 disease outcomes spanning 17 groups, including sleep, mood, and anxiety disease outcomes (p<5.1×10−5). No interactions were found between the indexes on prevalent mental health outcomes. These findings suggest that favorable sleep behaviors and genetic predisposition to healthy sleep may independently be protective of disease outcomes. This work provides novel insights into the role of multidimensional sleep on population health and highlights the need to develop prevention strategies focused on healthy sleep habits.

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“…After observing that sleep duration was more closely related in young people, we conducted more detailed analyses, including subgroup and sensitivity analyses, in participants aged <45 years. For subgroup analysis, previously reported potential modifiers, such as snoring, sex [ 19 ], BMI [ 20 ], and regular physical exercise [ 21 ], were selected. Simultaneously, to clarify the joint effect of sleep quality and sleep duration trajectory, snoring and sleep duration trajectory were combined and the participants were regrouped.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Differences in the Association of Sleep Duration Trajectory With Cancer Risk and Cancer-Specific Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study

Liu,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background Baseline sleep duration is associated with cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality; however, the association between longitudinal patterns of sleep duration and these risks remains unknown. Objective This study aimed to elucidate the association between sleep duration trajectory and cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality. Methods The participants recruited in this study were from the Kailuan cohort, with all participants aged between 18 and 98 years and without cancer at baseline. The sleep duration of participants was continuously recorded in 2006, 2008, and 2010. Latent mixture modeling was used to identify shared sleep duration trajectories. Furthermore, the Cox proportional risk model was used to examine the association of sleep duration trajectory with cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality. Results A total of 53,273 participants were included in the present study, of whom 40,909 (76.79%) were men and 12,364 (23.21%) were women. The average age of the participants was 49.03 (SD 11.76) years. During a median follow-up of 10.99 (IQR 10.27-11.15) years, 2705 participants developed cancers. Three sleep duration trajectories were identified: normal-stable (44,844/53,273, 84.18%), median-stable (5877/53,273, 11.03%), and decreasing low-stable (2552/53,273, 4.79%). Compared with the normal-stable group, the decreasing low-stable group had increased cancer risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.39, 95% CI 1.16-1.65) and cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.18-2.06). Dividing the participants by an age cutoff of 45 years revealed an increase in cancer risk (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.30-2.71) and cancer-specific mortality (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.22-5.19) only in participants younger than 45 years, rather than middle-aged or older participants. Joint analysis revealed that compared with participants who had a stable sleep duration within the normal range and did not snore, those with a shortened sleep duration and snoring had the highest cancer risk (HR 2.62, 95% CI 1.46-4.70). Conclusions Sleep duration trajectories and quality are closely associated with cancer risk and cancer-specific mortality. However, these associations differ with age and are more pronounced in individuals aged <45 years. Trial Registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR–TNRC–11001489; http://tinyurl.com/2u89hrhx

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Establishing causal relationships between sleep and adiposity traits using Mendelian randomization

Cited by 13 publications

References 53 publications

Poor sleep and shift work associate with increased blood pressure and inflammation in UK Biobank participants

Poor sleep and shift work associate with increased blood pressure and inflammation in UK Biobank participants

Associations of a multidimensional polygenic sleep health score and a sleep lifestyle index on health outcomes and their interaction in a clinical biobank

Age Differences in the Association of Sleep Duration Trajectory With Cancer Risk and Cancer-Specific Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study

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