Establishment and Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density Reference Databases for Multiple Skeletal Regions in Women in Shandong’s Coastal Areas

Abstract

Objective: The aim of our research was to establish and evaluate bone mineral density (BMD)reference databases in women in Shandong's coastal areas, that would be useful for diagnosis of osteoporosis(OP).Methods: Thirty healthy women aged 25-35 years were selected and had their BMD measured respectively by two kinds of dual-energy X-ray absorption(DXA, Lunnar i, USA and Challenger, France) at skeletal regions of lumbar spine (L 2 , L 3 and L 4 ), left hip( femoral neck), and established the calibration equations between them. Compared BMD of women in Qingdao and Yantai which was calibrated before and after, eight kinds of regression models were fitted with age-related change. The best fitting model equations were found, and the reference database was established. Prevalence of osteopenia and OP were analyzed according to these databases.Results: BMD of Challenger and Lunar i DXAs showed significant linear relationship. BMD after calibration in 4 skeletal regions changed with aging, and a cubic regression model was better fitted with aged-related change as compared with other regression models. BMD reference databases of women in Shandong's coastal areas were established by cubic regression equation. The peak BMD appeared at 20-40 years old and followed by a linear decreasing after 40 years old. Females who had medical examination from 2010 to 2017, aged 50 to 89 were studied by this database. It found that the prevalence of OP increased with age and lower than other cities. The morbidity of OP based on the database of Challenger DXA was more than that our database of Shandong's coastal areas. Conclusion: This study established the BMD reference databases for multiple skeletal regions of women in Shandong's coastal areas that was the reliable reference standard for diagnosing of OP.